ERDDAP > info > CruiseThorium234

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Title	Sum- mary	FGDC, ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
		data	graph		files	Watercolumn total Th-234 from samples collected aboard Palmer Station Antarctica LTER annual cruises off the western antarctic peninsula, 2012-2014		M	background			National Science ...	CruiseThorium234

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acknowledgement	String	Funding and support provided by the National Science Foundation
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes. A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. \n\nPalmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels. In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training, education and outreach are an integral part of the program.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	contributor_email	String	mstukel at fsu.edu
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	contributor_name	String	Mike Stukel
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	contributor_role	String	PrincipalInvestigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	contributor_role_vocabulary	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/G04/current/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	CF-1.8, ACDD-1.3, COARDS
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_country	String	USA
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	kerfoot at marine.rutgers.edu
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_institution	String	Rutgers University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	John Kerfoot
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_sector	String	academic
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	person
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	datazoo_dataset_id	String	275
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	datazoo_datatable_id	String	278
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	datazoo_datatable_label	String	Watercolumn Th-234 (Cruise)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	datazoo_datatable_name	String	Thorium 234
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2022-03-29T13:20:30Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_issued	String	2022-03-29T13:20:30Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/177f165bfb3f1fa08b95ae26133806d2
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_bounds_crs	String	EPSG:4326
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs	String	EPSG:5831
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_resolution	String	0.00001 degree
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_units	String	degree_north
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_resolution	String	0.00001 degree
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_units	String	degree_east
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_max	double	2030.433
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_min	double	-0.847
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_positive	String	down
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_units	String	m
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	history	String	/Users/kerfoot/data/lter/data/tsv/dat_278/dat_278.tsv
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://pal.lternet.edu/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	National Science Foundation
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	carbon, carbon cycling, carbon flux, decay rates, particulates
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords_vocabulary	String	LTER Controlled Vocabulary
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	All data contained herein is licensed under the LTER Network Data Access Policy (https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/). In accordance with scientific publishing conventions and professional etiquette, the consumer of these data (the "Data User") is expected to appropriately cite these data in any publication that results from their use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur and should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the data authors. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license_link	String	https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	methods	String	General Methods: Total watercolumn Th-234 was measured using standard small volume methods (Pike et al. 2005). Briefly, 4-L was collected by Niskin bottle (typically from 8 depths spanning the upper 200 m) on Palmer LTER January Survey Cruises aboard the L. M. Gould. Samples were acidified with nitric acid to pH <2, then spiked with a tracer of Th-230. Samples were allowed to equilibrate for 4-9 hours, then NH4OH was added to bring samples to a pH of 8-9. MnCl2 and KMnO4 were added to bottles and thorium was precipitated onto manganese oxide. Samples were then filtered at high pressure through a quartz (QMA) filter. Filters were dried and mounted in RISO sample holders prior to being counted on a RISO GM beta multi-counter. Samples were counted again after >6 half-lives to determine background radioactivity levels. Manganese oxide was then dissolved from the filters in a nitric acid / hydrogen peroxide solution, and immediately spiked with Th-229. Column chromatography was then performed (using AG-1X8 resin) to purify thorium. Solution was then evaporated so samples could be taken up in dilute nitric acid for ICP-MS analysis of the Th-229:Th-230 ratio at the WHOI Analytical Facility or National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. U-238 was determined from salinity using the equations of Owens et al. (2011). See Stukel et al. (2015) for more details.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	naming_authority	String	edu.rutgers.rucool
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	product_version	String	1.0
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	program	String	LTER
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	Palmer LTER
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_country	String	USA
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_email	String	kerfoot at marine.rutgers.edu
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_institution	String	Rutgers University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	John Kerfoot
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	person
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_url	String	https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	references	String	https://pal.lternet.edu/,Pike, S. M., K. O. Buesseler, J. Andrews, and N. Savoye. 2005. Quantification of 234Th recovery in small volume sea water samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 263: 355-360.\n,Stukel, M. R. and others 2015. The imbalance of new and export production in the Western Antarctic Peninsula, a potentially "leaky" ecosystem. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle 29: 1400-1420.\n
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sea_name	String	Southern Ocean
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	source	String	/Users/kerfoot/data/lter/data/tsv/dat_278/dat_278.tsv
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v77
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	Total watercolumn Th-234 was determined at stations in the Palmer Station Antarctica LTER sampling grid from Jan 2012 - Jan 2014 (see Stukel et al. 2015, GBC for methods details). Th-234 can be used as a tracer for particle cycling in the upper water column. To compute carbon export from this Th-234 data please see the C:Th-234 ratio discussion in the supplement to Ducklow et al., (in review, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A).
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	time_coverage_end	String	2014-01-27T10:32:00Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	time_coverage_start	String	2012-01-05T06:00:00Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	Watercolumn total Th-234 from samples collected aboard Palmer Station Antarctica LTER annual cruises off the western antarctic peninsula, 2012-2014
variable	time		double
attribute	time	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Time
attribute	time	actual_range	double	1.3257432E9, 1.39081872E9
attribute	time	axis	String	T
attribute	time	calendar	String	proleptic_gregorian
attribute	time	column_id	long	5410
attribute	time	column_name	String	col_5410
attribute	time	ioos_category	String	Time
attribute	time	long_name	String	Time
attribute	time	lter_column_description	String	Sample collection date and time, CLST
attribute	time	lter_column_name	String	Collection Date and Time
attribute	time	lter_mscale	String	dateTime
attribute	time	standard_name	String	time
attribute	time	time_origin	String	01-JAN-1970 00:00:00
attribute	time	units	String	seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
variable	depth		double
attribute	depth	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Height
attribute	depth	_CoordinateZisPositive	String	down
attribute	depth	_FillValue	double	9.969209968386869E36
attribute	depth	actual_range	double	-0.847, 2030.433
attribute	depth	axis	String	Z
attribute	depth	colorBarMaximum	double	8000.0
attribute	depth	colorBarMinimum	double	-8000.0
attribute	depth	colorBarPalette	String	TopographyDepth
attribute	depth	column_id	long	5412
attribute	depth	column_name	String	col_5412
attribute	depth	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	depth	long_name	String	Depth
attribute	depth	lter_column_description	String	Sample collection depth
attribute	depth	lter_column_name	String	Depth
attribute	depth	lter_mscale	String	ratio
attribute	depth	lter_num_type	String	real
attribute	depth	lter_units	String	m
attribute	depth	lter_units_string	String	meter
attribute	depth	positive	String	down
attribute	depth	standard_name	String	depth
attribute	depth	units	String	m
attribute	depth	units_conventions	String	AND-LTER,BNZ-LTER,CDR-LTER,EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER,LUQ-LTER,SGS-LTER
variable	salinity		double
attribute	salinity	_FillValue	double	9.969209968386869E36
attribute	salinity	actual_range	double	32.254, 34.7174
attribute	salinity	colorBarMaximum	double	37.0
attribute	salinity	colorBarMinimum	double	32.0
attribute	salinity	column_id	long	5413
attribute	salinity	column_name	String	col_5413
attribute	salinity	ioos_category	String	Salinity
attribute	salinity	long_name	String	Sea Water Practical Salinity
attribute	salinity	lter_column_description	String	Salinity measurement
attribute	salinity	lter_column_name	String	Salinity
attribute	salinity	lter_mscale	String	ratio
attribute	salinity	lter_num_type	String	real
attribute	salinity	lter_units	String	PSU
attribute	salinity	lter_units_string	String	practicalSalinityUnit
attribute	salinity	standard_name	String	sea_water_practical_salinity
attribute	salinity	units	String	1
attribute	salinity	units_conventions	String	MCM-LTER,PAL-LTER
variable	th234_activity		double
attribute	th234_activity	_FillValue	double	9.969209968386869E36
attribute	th234_activity	actual_range	double	0.0, 3.450206546
attribute	th234_activity	column_id	long	5414
attribute	th234_activity	column_name	String	col_5414
attribute	th234_activity	ioos_category	String	Unknown
attribute	th234_activity	long_name	String	Th234 Activity
attribute	th234_activity	lter_column_description	String	Water column Th-234 activity (decays per minute) determined by beta counting, following Pike et al. (2006)
attribute	th234_activity	lter_column_name	String	Th-234 Activity
attribute	th234_activity	lter_mscale	String	ratio
attribute	th234_activity	lter_num_type	String	real
attribute	th234_activity	lter_units	String	decay/min/L
attribute	th234_activity	lter_units_string	String	decaysPerMinutePerLiter
attribute	th234_activity	units_conventions	String	NTL-LTER
variable	th234_activity_error		double
attribute	th234_activity_error	_FillValue	double	9.969209968386869E36
attribute	th234_activity_error	actual_range	double	0.0, 0.503109277
attribute	th234_activity_error	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	th234_activity_error	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	th234_activity_error	column_id	long	5415
attribute	th234_activity_error	column_name	String	col_5415
attribute	th234_activity_error	ioos_category	String	Statistics
attribute	th234_activity_error	long_name	String	Th234 Activity Error
attribute	th234_activity_error	lter_column_description	String	Standard error of Th-234 Activity
attribute	th234_activity_error	lter_column_name	String	Th-234 Activity Error
attribute	th234_activity_error	lter_mscale	String	ratio
attribute	th234_activity_error	lter_num_type	String	real
attribute	th234_activity_error	lter_units	String	decay/min/L
attribute	th234_activity_error	lter_units_string	String	decaysPerMinutePerLiter
attribute	th234_activity_error	units_conventions	String	NTL-LTER
variable	deficiency		double
attribute	deficiency	_FillValue	double	9.969209968386869E36
attribute	deficiency	actual_range	double	-1.065406546, 2.289497143
attribute	deficiency	column_id	long	5416
attribute	deficiency	column_name	String	col_5416
attribute	deficiency	ioos_category	String	Unknown
attribute	deficiency	long_name	String	Deficiency
attribute	deficiency	lter_column_description	String	U-238 Activity minus Th-234 Activity
attribute	deficiency	lter_column_name	String	Deficiency
attribute	deficiency	lter_mscale	String	ratio
attribute	deficiency	lter_num_type	String	real
attribute	deficiency	lter_units	String	decay/min/L
attribute	deficiency	lter_units_string	String	decaysPerMinutePerLiter
attribute	deficiency	units_conventions	String	NTL-LTER
variable	deficiency_error		double
attribute	deficiency_error	_FillValue	double	9.969209968386869E36
attribute	deficiency_error	actual_range	double	0.0, 0.505299856
attribute	deficiency_error	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	deficiency_error	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	deficiency_error	column_id	long	5417
attribute	deficiency_error	column_name	String	col_5417
attribute	deficiency_error	ioos_category	String	Statistics
attribute	deficiency_error	long_name	String	Deficiency Error
attribute	deficiency_error	lter_column_description	String	Standard error of deficiency
attribute	deficiency_error	lter_column_name	String	Deficiency Error
attribute	deficiency_error	lter_mscale	String	ratio
attribute	deficiency_error	lter_num_type	String	real
attribute	deficiency_error	lter_units	String	decay/min/L
attribute	deficiency_error	lter_units_string	String	decaysPerMinutePerLiter
attribute	deficiency_error	units_conventions	String	NTL-LTER
variable	station		String
attribute	station	column_id	long	5411
attribute	station	column_name	String	col_5411
attribute	station	ioos_category	String	Identifier
attribute	station	long_name	String	Station
attribute	station	lter_column_description	String	Palmer LTER sampling grid station
attribute	station	lter_column_name	String	Station
attribute	station	lter_mscale	String	nominal
variable	cast_number		short
attribute	cast_number	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	cast_number	actual_range	short	1, 69
attribute	cast_number	colorBarMaximum	double	100.0
attribute	cast_number	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	cast_number	column_id	long	5418
attribute	cast_number	column_name	String	col_5418
attribute	cast_number	ioos_category	String	Statistics
attribute	cast_number	long_name	String	Cast Number
attribute	cast_number	lter_column_description	String	CTD cast number
attribute	cast_number	lter_column_name	String	Cast
attribute	cast_number	lter_mscale	String	nominal
variable	bottle_number		short
attribute	bottle_number	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	bottle_number	actual_range	short	1, 91
attribute	bottle_number	colorBarMaximum	double	100.0
attribute	bottle_number	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	bottle_number	column_id	long	5419
attribute	bottle_number	column_name	String	col_5419
attribute	bottle_number	ioos_category	String	Statistics
attribute	bottle_number	long_name	String	Bottle Number
attribute	bottle_number	lter_column_description	String	Niskin bottle number
attribute	bottle_number	lter_column_name	String	Niskin
attribute	bottle_number	lter_mscale	String	nominal

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.