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Dataset Title: | Length of Salpa thompsoni collected with a 2-m, 700-um net towed from surface to 120 m, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 2009, 2019. ![]() ![]() |
Institution: | National Science Foundation (Dataset ID: StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni) |
Range: | longitude = -78.2317 to -64.1513°E, latitude = -70.0763 to -63.9512°N, depth = 128.0 to 3837.0m, time = 2009-01-07T14:25:00Z to 2019-01-15T12:35:00Z |
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Attributes { s { cruise_tow_number { Int32 _FillValue 2147483647; Int32 actual_range 170005, 270049; Float64 colorBarMaximum 100.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0; Float64 column_id 4077; String column_name "col_4077"; String ioos_category "Statistics"; String long_name "Cruise Tow Number"; String lter_column_description "index number"; String lter_column_name "Cruise Tow"; String lter_mscale "interval"; String lter_num_type "integer"; String lter_units_string "number"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER"; } cruise_name { String cf_role "trajectory_id"; Float64 column_id 4078; String column_name "col_4078"; String ioos_category "Identifier"; String long_name "Cruise Name"; String lter_column_description "cruiseName"; String lter_column_name "Cruise Name"; String lter_mscale "nominal"; } event { Float64 _FillValue 9.969209968386869e+36; Float64 actual_range 15.0, 566.0; Float64 column_id 4079; String column_name "col_4079"; String ioos_category "Unknown"; String long_name "Event"; String lter_column_description "sequence of cruise happenings ordered by time"; String lter_column_name "Event Number"; String lter_mscale "interval"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units_string "number"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER"; } tow_number { Int16 _FillValue 32767; Int16 actual_range 2, 140; Float64 colorBarMaximum 100.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0; Float64 column_id 4080; String column_name "col_4080"; String ioos_category "Statistics"; String long_name "Tow Number"; String lter_column_description "index number"; String lter_column_name "Tow"; String lter_mscale "interval"; String lter_num_type "integer"; String lter_units_string "number"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER"; } grid_line { Float64 _FillValue 9223372036854775807; Float64 actual_range -158, 616; Float64 column_id 4081; String column_name "col_4081"; String ioos_category "Unknown"; String long_name "Grid Line"; String lter_column_description "line on a pre-defined survey grid in the LTER Palmer study area"; String lter_column_name "Grid Line"; String lter_mscale "nominal"; } grid_station { Int16 _FillValue -32767; Int16 actual_range -40, 200; Float64 column_id 4082; String column_name "col_4082"; String ioos_category "Unknown"; String long_name "Grid Station"; String lter_column_description "Palmer LTER grid station"; String lter_column_name "Grid Station"; String lter_mscale "nominal"; } time { String _CoordinateAxisType "Time"; Float64 actual_range 1.2313383e+9, 1.5475557e+9; String axis "T"; String calendar "proleptic_gregorian"; Float64 column_id 4084; String column_name "col_4084"; String comment "Time at the start of the net tow"; String ioos_category "Time"; String long_name "Start Time"; String lter_column_description "Greenwich Mean Time, a.k.a UTC"; String lter_column_name "Time Start GMT"; String lter_mscale "dateTime"; String source_name "start_time"; String standard_name "time"; String time_origin "01-JAN-1970 00:00:00"; String units "seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"; } latitude { String _CoordinateAxisType "Lat"; Float64 _FillValue NaN; Float64 actual_range -70.0763, -63.9512; String axis "Y"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 90.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -90.0; Float64 column_id 4086; String column_name "col_4086"; String comment "Latitude at the start of net tow"; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Latitude"; String lter_column_description "latitude measured from the equator in decimal degrees, South is negative"; String lter_column_name "Latitude Start"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "º"; String lter_units_string "degree"; String source_name "lat_start"; String standard_name "latitude"; String units "degrees_north"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER"; } longitude { String _CoordinateAxisType "Lon"; Float64 _FillValue NaN; Float64 actual_range -78.2317, -64.1513; String axis "X"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 180.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -180.0; Float64 column_id 4087; String column_name "col_4087"; String comment "Longitude at the start of net tow"; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Longitude"; String lter_column_description "longitude measured from the Prime Meridian in decimal degrees, West is negative"; String lter_column_name "Longitude Start"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "º"; String lter_units_string "degree"; String source_name "lon_start"; String standard_name "longitude"; String units "degrees_east"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER"; } end_time { Float64 actual_range 1.23133974e+9, 1.5475575e+9; String calendar "proleptic_gregorian"; Float64 column_id 4088; String column_name "col_4088"; String comment "Time at the end of the net tow"; String ioos_category "Time"; String long_name "End Time"; String lter_column_description "Greenwich Mean Time, a.k.a UTC"; String lter_column_name "Time End GMT"; String lter_mscale "dateTime"; String standard_name "time"; String time_origin "01-JAN-1970 00:00:00"; String units "seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"; } lat_end { Float64 _FillValue NaN; Float64 actual_range -70.0794, -63.9336; Float64 colorBarMaximum 90.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -90.0; Float64 column_id 4089; String column_name "col_4089"; String comment "Latitude at the end of net tow"; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Latitude"; String lter_column_description "latitude measured from the equator in decimal degrees, South is negative"; String lter_column_name "Latitude End"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "º"; String lter_units_string "degree"; String standard_name "latitude"; String units "degrees_north"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER"; } lon_end { Float64 _FillValue NaN; Float64 actual_range -78.2324, -64.1357; Float64 colorBarMaximum 180.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -180.0; Float64 column_id 4090; String column_name "col_4090"; String comment "Longitude at the end of net tow"; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Longitude"; String lter_column_description "longitude measured from the Prime Meridian in decimal degrees, West is negative"; String lter_column_name "Longitude End"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "º"; String lter_units_string "degree"; String standard_name "longitude"; String units "degrees_east"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER"; } tow_duration { Int16 _FillValue 32767; Int16 actual_range 11, 60; Float64 column_id 4091; String column_name "col_4091"; String ioos_category "Time"; String long_name "Tow Duration"; String lter_column_description "Duration in minutes."; String lter_column_name "Tow Duration"; String lter_mscale "interval"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "min"; String lter_units_string "minute"; String units "minutes"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER,LUQ-LTER,SGS-LTER"; } heading { Int16 _FillValue 32767; Int16 actual_range 2, 360; Float64 column_id 4092; String column_name "col_4092"; String ioos_category "Unknown"; String long_name "Heading"; String lter_column_description "direction in degrees"; String lter_column_name "Heading"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "º"; String lter_units_string "degree"; String units "degrees"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER"; } speed_over_ground { Float64 _FillValue 9.969209968386869e+36; Float64 actual_range 0.7, 3.8; Float64 column_id 4093; String column_name "col_4093"; String ioos_category "Currents"; String long_name "Speed Over Ground"; String lter_column_description "distance travelled per unit of time"; String lter_column_name "SOG"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units_string "knot"; String units_conventions "EML-LTER"; } depth { String _CoordinateAxisType "Height"; String _CoordinateZisPositive "down"; Float64 _FillValue 9.969209968386869e+36; Float64 actual_range 128.0, 3837.0; String axis "Z"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 8000.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -8000.0; String colorBarPalette "TopographyDepth"; Float64 column_id 4094; String column_name "col_4094"; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Depth"; String lter_column_description "measurement or sample collection distance from water column surface"; String lter_column_name "Water Depth"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "m"; String lter_units_string "meter"; String positive "down"; String standard_name "depth"; String units "m"; String units_conventions "AND-LTER,BNZ-LTER,CDR-LTER,EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER,LUQ-LTER,SGS-LTER"; } wind_speed { Float64 _FillValue 9.969209968386869e+36; Float64 actual_range 0.2, 35.0; Float64 colorBarMaximum 15.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0; Float64 column_id 4095; String column_name "col_4095"; String ioos_category "Wind"; String long_name "Wind Speed"; String lter_column_description "Wind speed"; String lter_column_name "Wind Speed"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units_string "knot"; String standard_name "wind_speed"; String units "m s-1"; String units_conventions "EML-LTER"; } wind_direction { Int16 _FillValue 32767; Int16 actual_range 0, 356; Float64 colorBarMaximum 360.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0; Float64 column_id 4096; String column_name "col_4096"; String ioos_category "Wind"; String long_name "Wind To Direction"; String lter_column_description "direction in degrees"; String lter_column_name "Wind Direction"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "º"; String lter_units_string "degree"; String standard_name "wind_to_direction"; String units "degrees"; String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER"; } net_id { Byte _FillValue 127; String _Unsigned "false"; Byte actual_range 1, 2; Float64 column_id 4097; String column_name "col_4097"; String ioos_category "Identifier"; String long_name "Net Id"; String lter_column_description "trawl net size"; String lter_column_name "Net ID"; String lter_mscale "nominal"; } tow_type { Float64 column_id 4098; String column_name "col_4098"; String ioos_category "Unknown"; String long_name "Tow Type"; String lter_column_description "Description of a tow that may describe a single characteristic (ie oblique versus vertical tow) or a suite of characteristics represented by a code describing net tow type, depth, size, mesh, etc"; String lter_column_name "Tow type"; String lter_mscale "nominal"; } target_depth { Float64 column_id 4099; String column_name "col_4099"; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Depth"; String lter_column_description "Depth range of sample collection"; String lter_column_name "Depth Target"; String lter_mscale "nominal"; String standard_name "depth"; } max_depth { Float64 _FillValue 9.969209968386869e+36; Float64 actual_range 57.4, 302.8; Float64 colorBarMaximum 8000.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -8000.0; String colorBarPalette "TopographyDepth"; Float64 column_id 4100; String column_name "col_4100"; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Depth"; String lter_column_description "Measurement or sample collection distance from water column surface"; String lter_column_name "Depth Maximum"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "m"; String lter_units_string "meter"; String standard_name "depth"; String units "meters"; String units_conventions "AND-LTER,BNZ-LTER,CDR-LTER,EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER,LUQ-LTER,SGS-LTER"; } stage_code { Float64 column_id 4101; String column_name "col_4101"; String ioos_category "Biology"; String long_name "Stage Code"; String lter_column_description "Life stage indicator"; String lter_column_name "Stage Code"; String lter_mscale "nominal"; } length { Float64 _FillValue 9.969209968386869e+36; Float64 actual_range 0.6, 160.35; Float64 column_id 4102; String column_name "col_4102"; String comment "Total Length"; String ioos_category "Unknown"; String long_name "Length"; String lter_column_description "Total Length"; String lter_column_name "TLmm"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "mm"; String lter_units_string "millimeter"; String units "mm"; String units_conventions "AND-LTER,BNZ-LTER,CDR-LTER,EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER,LUQ-LTER,MCR-LTER,SGS-LTER"; } body_length { Float64 _FillValue 9.969209968386869e+36; Float64 actual_range 0.5, 147.82; Float64 column_id 4103; String column_name "col_4103"; String comment "Body Length"; String ioos_category "Unknown"; String long_name "Body Length"; String lter_column_description "Body Length"; String lter_column_name "BLmm"; String lter_mscale "ratio"; String lter_num_type "real"; String lter_units "mm"; String lter_units_string "millimeter"; String units "mm"; String units_conventions "AND-LTER,BNZ-LTER,CDR-LTER,EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER,LUQ-LTER,MCR-LTER,SGS-LTER"; } } NC_GLOBAL { String acknowledgement "Funding and support provided by the National Science Foundation"; String cdm_data_type "Trajectory"; String cdm_trajectory_variables "cruise_name"; String comment "The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes. A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. \\n\\nPalmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels. In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training, education and outreach are an integral part of the program."; String contributor_email "debbies@vims.edu"; String contributor_name "Debbie Steinberg"; String contributor_role "PrincipalInvestigator"; String contributor_role_vocabulary "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/G04/current/"; String Conventions "CF-1.8, ACDD-1.3, COARDS"; String creator_country "USA"; String creator_email "kerfoot@marine.rutgers.edu"; String creator_institution "Rutgers University"; String creator_name "John Kerfoot"; String creator_sector "academic"; String creator_type "person"; String creator_url "https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu"; String datazoo_dataset_id "209"; String datazoo_datatable_id "209"; String datazoo_datatable_label "Standard Body Lengths - Salpa thompsoni"; String datazoo_datatable_name "StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni"; String date_created "2022-03-03T14:53:23Z"; String date_issued "2022-03-03T14:53:23Z"; String defaultDataQuery "null"; String defaultGraphQuery "longitude%2Clatitude%2Ctime&.draw=markers&.marker=6%7C5&.color=0x000000&.colorBar=%7C%7C%7C%7C%7C&.bgColor=0xffccccff"; String doi "https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/c36b802ddf11dbdef3c0678e286c42d4"; Float64 Easternmost_Easting -64.1513; String featureType "Trajectory"; String geospatial_bounds_crs "EPSG:4326"; String geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs "EPSG:5831"; Float64 geospatial_lat_max -63.9512; Float64 geospatial_lat_min -70.0763; String geospatial_lat_resolution "0.00001 degree"; String geospatial_lat_units "degrees_north"; Float64 geospatial_lon_max -64.1513; Float64 geospatial_lon_min -78.2317; String geospatial_lon_resolution "0.00001 degree"; String geospatial_lon_units "degrees_east"; Float64 geospatial_vertical_max 3837.0; Float64 geospatial_vertical_min 128.0; String geospatial_vertical_positive "down"; String geospatial_vertical_units "m"; String history "/Users/kerfoot/data/lter/data/tsv/dat_209/dat_209_LMG19-01.tsv 2025-05-04T12:46:37Z (local files) 2025-05-04T12:46:37Z http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/tabledap/StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni.das"; String infoUrl "https://pal.lternet.edu/"; String institution "National Science Foundation"; String keywords "ecology, habitats, marine, Population Studies, populations, zooplankton"; String keywords_vocabulary "LTER Controlled Vocabulary,LTER Core Areas"; String license "All data contained herein is licensed under the LTER Network Data Access Policy (https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/). In accordance with scientific publishing conventions and professional etiquette, the consumer of these data (the \"Data User\") is expected to appropriately cite these data in any publication that results from their use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur and should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the data authors. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data."; String license_link "https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/"; String methods "General Methods: Zooplankton net tows were conducted at Palmer LTER grid stations. Tows were double oblique with a 2x2-m square mouth (700-um stretch mesh) Metro net (NetID = 2) to 120 m (TowType = Standard) or less if water depth was limiting (TowType = Shallow). All Salpa thompsoni solitary stage and a random subsample of up to 50 S. thompsoni aggregate stage individuals were measured for total length (distance between anterior and posterior extremities of test) and body length (distance between mouth and atrial opening). For tows containing less than 50 individual S. thompsoni aggregates, all S. thompsoni aggregates were measured. For completeness, measurements from a vertical tow from 100m (CruiseTow = 170044 and TowType = Vertical) are included. Another 858 observations from double oblique tows with a 1x1-m square mouth (330-um Nytex mesh) Metro net (NetID = 1) to 300 m, or less if water depth was limiting, are also included."; String naming_authority "edu.rutgers.rucool"; Float64 Northernmost_Northing -63.9512; String product_version "1.0"; String program "LTER"; String project "Palmer LTER"; String publisher_country "USA"; String publisher_email "kerfoot@marine.rutgers.edu"; String publisher_institution "Rutgers University"; String publisher_name "John Kerfoot"; String publisher_type "person"; String publisher_url "https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu"; String references "https://pal.lternet.edu/"; String sea_name "Southern Ocean"; String source "/Users/kerfoot/data/lter/data/tsv/dat_209/dat_209_LMG11-01.tsv"; String sourceUrl "(local files)"; Float64 Southernmost_Northing -70.0763; String standard_name_vocabulary "CF Standard Name Table v77"; String subsetVariables "cruise_name"; String summary "Length of Salpa thompsoni collected with a 2-m, 700-um net towed from surface to 120 m, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 2009 - 2019. Salps (Salpa thompsoni) are conspicuous gelatinous zooplankton capable of rapid population increases, enabling them to respond quickly to unpredictable phytoplankton blooms common in the Antarctic. Body length was measured on salps collected from LTER zooplankton tows along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Salps have amongst the highest filtration rates of all zooplankton, and package their waste into large, fast sinking fecal pellets. These pellets provide a mechanism to export carbon fixed in the surface waters into the deep ocean. Since filtration rates and pellet size are positively related to the size of a salp, population estimates of grazing and exported carbon can be determined through length data.\\n"; String time_coverage_end "2019-01-15T12:35:00Z"; String time_coverage_start "2009-01-07T14:25:00Z"; String title "Length of Salpa thompsoni collected with a 2-m, 700-um net towed from surface to 120 m, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 2009, 2019."; Float64 Westernmost_Easting -78.2317; } }
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