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| Dataset Title: | Isotopic signatures of diet provisioned to 15 day old chick Pygoscelis penguins reared along the Palmer Archipelago near Palmer Station, 2007-2009 
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| Institution: | National Science Foundation (Dataset ID: IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15) |
| Information: | Summary
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Attributes {
s {
time {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Time";
Float64 actual_range 1.1991456e+9, 1.264032e+9;
String axis "T";
String calendar "proleptic_gregorian";
Float64 column_id 4514;
String column_name "col_4514";
String ioos_category "Time";
String long_name "Date Day 15 Chicks Observed";
String lter_column_description "Date study nest observed with day 15 chicks (sampled)";
String lter_column_name "Date Day 15";
String lter_mscale "dateTime";
String standard_name "time";
String time_origin "01-JAN-1970 00:00:00";
String units "seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z";
}
study_name {
String column_name "studyName";
String comment "Study Name";
String ioos_category "Unknown";
String long_name "Study";
}
sample_number {
Int16 _FillValue 32767;
Int16 actual_range 1, 226;
Float64 colorBarMaximum 100.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
Float64 column_id 4507;
String column_name "col_4507";
String ioos_category "Statistics";
String long_name "Sample Number";
String lter_column_description "Continuous numbering sequence for each sample";
String lter_column_name "Sample Number";
String lter_mscale "interval";
String lter_num_type "integer";
String lter_units_string "number";
String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER";
}
species_sample_number {
Int16 _FillValue 32767;
Int16 actual_range 1, 99;
Float64 colorBarMaximum 100.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
Float64 column_id 4508;
String column_name "col_4508";
String ioos_category "Statistics";
String long_name "Species Sample Number";
String lter_column_description "Continuous numbering sequence for each sample within species";
String lter_column_name "Sample Number (Species)";
String lter_mscale "interval";
String lter_num_type "integer";
String lter_units_string "number";
String units_conventions "EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER";
}
species {
Float64 column_id 4509;
String column_name "col_4509";
String ioos_category "Taxonomy";
String long_name "Penguin Type";
String lter_column_description "Common and scientific name for the species these data represent";
String lter_column_name "Species";
String lter_mscale "nominal";
}
region {
Float64 column_id 4510;
String column_name "col_4510";
String ioos_category "Location";
String long_name "Palmer Grid Region";
String lter_column_description "Region of PAL-LTER grid";
String lter_column_name "Region";
String lter_mscale "nominal";
}
island_name {
Float64 column_id 4511;
String column_name "col_4511";
String ioos_category "Unknown";
String long_name "Island";
String lter_column_description "Island near Palmer Station where samples were collected";
String lter_column_name "Island";
String lter_mscale "nominal";
}
reproductive_stage {
Float64 column_id 4512;
String column_name "col_4512";
String ioos_category "Biology";
String long_name "Reproductive Stage";
String lter_column_description "Reproductive stage at sampling";
String lter_column_name "Stage";
String lter_mscale "nominal";
}
individual_id {
Float64 column_id 4513;
String column_name "col_4513";
String ioos_category "Identifier";
String long_name "Individual ID";
String lter_column_description "A unique ID for each individual in the dataset";
String lter_column_name "Individual ID";
String lter_mscale "nominal";
}
ratio_of_15n_to_14n {
Float64 _FillValue 9.969209968386869e+36;
Float64 actual_range 6.80176, 10.51504;
Float64 colorBarMaximum 100.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
Float64 column_id 4515;
String column_name "col_4515";
String ioos_category "Unknown";
String long_name "15N:14N Ratio";
String lter_column_description "a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes 15N:14N";
String lter_column_name "Delta 15 N";
String lter_mscale "ratio";
String lter_num_type "real";
String lter_units "o/oo";
String lter_units_string "permil";
String units "percent";
String units_conventions "SBC-LTER";
}
ratio_of_13c_to_12c {
Float64 _FillValue 9.969209968386869e+36;
Float64 actual_range -28.19117, -23.62937;
Float64 colorBarMaximum 100.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
Float64 column_id 4516;
String column_name "col_4516";
String ioos_category "Unknown";
String long_name "13C:12C Ratio";
String lter_column_description "a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes 13C:12C";
String lter_column_name "Delta 13 C";
String lter_mscale "ratio";
String lter_num_type "real";
String lter_units "o/oo";
String lter_units_string "permil";
String units "percent";
String units_conventions "SBC-LTER";
}
comments {
Float64 column_id 4517;
String column_name "col_4517";
String ioos_category "Unknown";
String long_name "Notes";
String lter_column_description "Text field to provide additional relevant information for data";
String lter_column_name "Comments";
String lter_mscale "nominal";
}
}
NC_GLOBAL {
String acknowledgement "Funding and support provided by the National Science Foundation";
String cdm_data_type "Other";
String comment "The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes. A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. \\n\\nPalmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels. In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training, education and outreach are an integral part of the program.";
String contributor_email "kgorman@sfu.ca";
String contributor_name "Kristen Gorman";
String contributor_role "PrincipalInvestigator";
String contributor_role_vocabulary "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/G04/current/";
String Conventions "CF-1.8, ACDD-1.3, COARDS";
String creator_country "USA";
String creator_email "kerfoot@marine.rutgers.edu";
String creator_institution "Rutgers University";
String creator_name "John Kerfoot";
String creator_sector "academic";
String creator_type "person";
String creator_url "https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu";
String datazoo_dataset_id "225";
String datazoo_datatable_id "225";
String datazoo_datatable_label "Isotopic niche - chick Pygoscelis penguins (day 15)";
String datazoo_datatable_name "IsotopicnichechickPygoscelispenguinsday15";
String date_created "2022-03-16T01:15:49Z";
String date_issued "2022-03-16T01:15:49Z";
String defaultDataQuery "null";
String defaultGraphQuery "time%2Cratio_of_13c_to_12c%2C&.draw=markers&.marker=6%7C5&.color=0x000000&.colorBar=%7C%7C%7C%7C%7C&.bgColor=0xffccccff";
String geospatial_bounds_crs "EPSG:4326";
String geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs "EPSG:5831";
String geospatial_lat_resolution "0.00001 degree";
String geospatial_lat_units "degree_north";
String geospatial_lon_resolution "0.00001 degree";
String geospatial_lon_units "degree_east";
String geospatial_vertical_positive "down";
String geospatial_vertical_units "EPSG:5831";
String history
"/Users/kerfoot/data/lter/data/tsv/dat_225/dat_225_PAL0910.tsv
2025-05-04T13:32:49Z (local files)
2025-05-04T13:32:49Z http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15.html";
String infoUrl "https://pal.lternet.edu/";
String institution "National Science Foundation";
String keywords "biology, birds, isotopes";
String keywords_vocabulary "LTER Controlled Vocabulary";
String license "All data contained herein is licensed under the LTER Network Data Access Policy (https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/). In accordance with scientific publishing conventions and professional etiquette, the consumer of these data (the \"Data User\") is expected to appropriately cite these data in any publication that results from their use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur and should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the data authors. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data.";
String license_link "https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/";
String methods "General Methods: Each season, study nests, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored. When study nests were found at the day 5 chick stage, both chicks were captured to obtain blood samples used for stable isotope analyses. At the time of capture, each chick penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the tarsus vein using a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle. Collected blood was stored in 1.5 ml micro-centrifuge tubes that were kept cool. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored for chick survival to day 25.\\t\\t\\tNotes: Data presented here are raw data only and do not include any derived data products.\\t\\t";
String naming_authority "edu.rutgers.rucool";
String product_version "1.0";
String program "LTER";
String project "Palmer LTER";
String publisher_country "USA";
String publisher_email "kerfoot@marine.rutgers.edu";
String publisher_institution "Rutgers University";
String publisher_name "John Kerfoot";
String publisher_type "person";
String publisher_url "https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu";
String references "https://pal.lternet.edu/";
String sea_name "Southern Ocean";
String source "/Users/kerfoot/data/lter/data/tsv/dat_225/dat_225_PAL0708.tsv";
String sourceUrl "(local files)";
String standard_name_vocabulary "CF Standard Name Table v77";
String subsetVariables "study_name, region, species";
String summary "We evaluated regional variation in reproductive isotopic niche among breeding populations of Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae), chinstrap (P. antarctica), and gentoo (P. papua) penguins west of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) to test a hypothesis for sea ice-associated food-web correlates of breeding population change. We rely on signatures of naturally occurring carbon (13C/12C, δ13C) and nitrogen (15N/14N, δ15N) stable isotopes (SI) as integrated proxies of penguin trophic foraging and food-web structure. Each season, study nests, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored. When study nests were found at the one-egg stage, both adults were captured to obtain blood samples used for molecular sexing and stable isotope analyses, and measurements of structural size and body mass. At the time of capture, each adult penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the brachial vein. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored to ensure the pair reached clutch completion, i.e., two eggs. At approximate an average nest age of five and 15 days, offspring from study nests were captured and quickly blood sampled (<= ~500 µl for day five chicks, and <= ~1 ml for day 15 chicks) from the tarsus vein using a sterile needle and heparinized capillary tubes for day five chicks, and a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle for day 15 chicks, again to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Study nests were monitored for chick survival to 25 days. At five weeks into chick-rearing, older crèched chicks of all three species were captured and quickly blood sampled from study rookeries near Anvers Island. Handling of crèched chicks occurred over a one or two day period, which varied seasonally and by species depending on nest initiation dates. Adélie penguin chicks at Avian Island were sampled on the same day Anvers Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled. Adélie penguin chicks at Charcot Island, sampled during one season only on 25 January 2010, were handled three days after Anvers Island and Avian Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled that year, i.e., 22 January 2010. Blood samples from crèched chicks (~1 ml) were taken from the brachial vein using a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle following sampling procedures used for adult penguins to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Stable isotope analyses were conducted at the Stable Isotope Facility at the University of California, Davis using an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer";
String time_coverage_end "2010-01-21T00:00:00Z";
String time_coverage_start "2008-01-01T00:00:00Z";
String title "Isotopic signatures of diet provisioned to 15 day old chick Pygoscelis penguins reared along the Palmer Archipelago near Palmer Station, 2007-2009";
}
}
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