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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL _NCProperties String version=1|netcdflibversion=4.6.1|hdf5libversion=1.10.6
attribute NC_GLOBAL acknowledgement String Funding and support provided by the National Science Foundation
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Trajectory
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_trajectory_variables String study_name
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes.  A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. \\n\\nPalmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels.  In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training,  education and outreach are an integral part of the program.
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_email String hducklow at ldeo.columbia.edu
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_name String Hugh Ducklow
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_role String PrincipalInvestigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_role_vocabulary String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/G04/current/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String CF-1.8, ACDD-1.3, COARDS
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_country String USA
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String kerfoot at marine.rutgers.edu
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_institution String Rutgers University
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String John Kerfoot
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_sector String academic
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String person
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_dataset_id String 50
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_datatable_id String 50
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_datatable_label String Dissolved Oxygen (Cruise)
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_datatable_name String DissolvedOxygen
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2021-08-31T15:30:52Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_issued String 2021-08-31T15:30:52Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String null
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultGraphQuery String time,oxygen_concentration&.draw=markers&.marker=6%7C5&.color=0x000000&.colorBar=%7C%7C%7C%7C%7C&.bgColor=0xffccccff&.yRange=0%7C%7Ctrue%7C
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/e6bdf295bda80b876ab53366781ea05c (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Easternmost_Easting double -59.87933
attribute NC_GLOBAL featureType String Trajectory
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_bounds_crs String EPSG:4326
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs String EPSG:5831
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_max double -53.17077
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_min double -70.0883
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_resolution String 0.00001 degree
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_units String degrees_north
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_max double -59.87933
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_min double -78.2083
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_resolution String 0.00001 degree
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_units String degrees_east
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_max double 3700.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_min double -999.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_positive String down
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_units String m
attribute NC_GLOBAL history String /Users/kerfoot/data/lter/data/tsv/dat_50/dat_50_PD97-01.tsv
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://pal.lternet.edu/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String National Science Foundation
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String biogeochemistry, communities, decomposition, ecology, ecosystems, food webs, habitats, Inorganic Matter, inorganic nutrients, marine, primary production, productivity, trophic dynamics
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords_vocabulary String LTER Core Areas,LTER Controlled Vocabulary
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String All data contained herein is licensed under the LTER Network Data Access Policy (https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/) (external link). In accordance with scientific publishing conventions and professional etiquette, the consumer of these data (the \"Data User\") is expected to appropriately cite these data in any publication that results from their use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur and should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the data authors. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data.
attribute NC_GLOBAL license_link String https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL methods String General Methods: Dissolved oxygen analyses were performed with an automated oxygen titrator using amperometric end-point detection (Dickson, 1994). Dissolved oxygen samples were drawn from Niskin bottles into calibrated 125-150 ml iodine titration flasks using silicon tubing to avoid contamination of DOC and CDOM samples. Bottles were rinsed three times and filled from the bottom, overflowing three volumes while taking care not to entrain any bubbles.  Samples were fixed with MnCl2 and NaOH/NaI and stored at room temperature for up to 3 days prior to analysis. Four replicate 10 ml iodate standards were run every 3-4 days.  The reagent blank was determined as the difference between the volumes of thiosulfate required to titrate 1-ml aliquots of the iodate standard.\\n\\nDickson, A. G., 1994. \"Determination of dissolved oxygen in seawater by Winkler titration,\" WOCE Hydrographic Programme Operations and Methods <a href='http://woce.nodc.noaa.gov/woce_v3/wocedata_1/whp/manuals.htm'>http (external link)://woce.nodc.noaa.gov/woce_v3/wocedata_1/whp/manuals.htm</a>
attribute NC_GLOBAL naming_authority String edu.rutgers.rucool
attribute NC_GLOBAL Northernmost_Northing double -53.17077
attribute NC_GLOBAL product_version String 1.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL program String LTER
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Palmer LTER
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_country String USA
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_email String kerfoot at marine.rutgers.edu
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_institution String Rutgers University
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String John Kerfoot
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String person
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_url String https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL references String https://pal.lternet.edu/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL sea_name String Southern Ocean
attribute NC_GLOBAL source String /Users/kerfoot/data/lter/data/tsv/dat_50/dat_50_LMG03-01.tsv
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Southernmost_Northing double -70.0883
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v77
attribute NC_GLOBAL subsetVariables String study_name, comments
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Dissolved oxygen of discrete water column samples at selected depths collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1993 - 2012. Oxygen is produced by phytoplankton photosynthesis and consumed by respiration of phytoplankton, zooplankton and bacteria. Oxygen also enters and exits the ocean via physical exchange with the atmosphere. Oxygen concentrations in the surface ocean may be supersaturated by photosynthesis and turbulence enhancing air-sea exchange via bubble injection; or undersaturated due to excess respiration. In cases where exchange with the atmosphere is limited, and/or respiration exceeds photosynthesis, oxygen concentration can be reduced to very low levels (hypoxia) or entirely depleted (anoxia). This is uncommon in cold Antarctic Seas where respiration is depressed and oxygen solubility is enhanced by low temperature. Different water masses have characteristic oxygen concentrations which serve as tracers for diagnosing physical mixing and advection. Dissolved oxygen was analyzed by Winkler Titration (see Methods) in Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD)-Rosette bottle samples at all depths sampled until 2012. This measurement was discontinued in 2013. The CTD has duplicate oxygen electrodes that provide continuous vertical profiles of oxygen concentration at all depths on all casts. The vessel also has continuous underway, Optode determination of dissolved oxygen in the surface (ship's intake at 6 meters depth) on all cruises. Finally we now routinely measure net community production by Equilibrator Inlet Mass Spectroscopy (EIMS) on LTER cruises
attribute NC_GLOBAL time_coverage_end String 2012-01-24T00:00:00Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL time_coverage_start String 1993-01-08T09:20:00Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String Dissolved oxygen of discrete water column samples at selected depths collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1993, 2012.
attribute NC_GLOBAL Westernmost_Easting double -78.2083
variable study_name String
attribute study_name cf_role String trajectory_id
attribute study_name column_name String studyName
attribute study_name comment String Cruise name
attribute study_name ioos_category String Identifier
attribute study_name long_name String Study
variable time double
attribute time _CoordinateAxisType String Time
attribute time actual_range double 7.264848E8, 1.3273632E9
attribute time axis String T
attribute time calendar String proleptic_gregorian
attribute time column_id long 606
attribute time column_name String col_606
attribute time ioos_category String Time
attribute time long_name String Time
attribute time lter_column_description String date and time
attribute time lter_column_name String datetime GMT
attribute time lter_mscale String dateTime
attribute time standard_name String time
attribute time time_origin String 01-JAN-1970 00:00:00
attribute time units String seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
variable latitude double
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute latitude actual_range double -70.0883, -53.17077
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude colorBarMaximum double 90.0
attribute latitude colorBarMinimum double -90.0
attribute latitude column_id long 609
attribute latitude column_name String col_609
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Latitude
attribute latitude lter_column_description String latitude measured from the equator in decimal degrees, South is negative
attribute latitude lter_column_name String lat dec
attribute latitude lter_mscale String ratio
attribute latitude lter_num_type String real
attribute latitude lter_units String º
attribute latitude lter_units_string String degree
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
attribute latitude units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable longitude double
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute longitude actual_range double -78.2083, -59.87933
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude colorBarMaximum double 180.0
attribute longitude colorBarMinimum double -180.0
attribute longitude column_id long 610
attribute longitude column_name String col_610
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Longitude
attribute longitude lter_column_description String longitude measured from the Prime Meridian in decimal degrees, West is negative
attribute longitude lter_column_name String lon dec
attribute longitude lter_mscale String ratio
attribute longitude lter_num_type String real
attribute longitude lter_units String º
attribute longitude lter_units_string String degree
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east
attribute longitude units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable depth double
attribute depth _CoordinateAxisType String Height
attribute depth _CoordinateZisPositive String down
attribute depth _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute depth actual_range double -999.0, 3700.0
attribute depth axis String Z
attribute depth colorBarMaximum double 8000.0
attribute depth colorBarMinimum double -8000.0
attribute depth colorBarPalette String TopographyDepth
attribute depth column_id long 613
attribute depth column_name String col_613
attribute depth ioos_category String Location
attribute depth long_name String Depth
attribute depth lter_column_description String measurement or sample collection distance from water column surface
attribute depth lter_column_name String depth
attribute depth lter_mscale String ratio
attribute depth lter_num_type String real
attribute depth lter_units String m
attribute depth lter_units_string String meter
attribute depth positive String down
attribute depth standard_name String depth
attribute depth units String m
attribute depth units_conventions String AND-LTER,BNZ-LTER,CDR-LTER,EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER,LUQ-LTER,SGS-LTER
variable event short
attribute event _FillValue short 32767
attribute event actual_range short 1, 1311
attribute event column_id long 605
attribute event column_name String col_605
attribute event ioos_category String Unknown
attribute event long_name String Event
attribute event lter_column_description String sequence of cruise happenings ordered by time
attribute event lter_column_name String event number
attribute event lter_mscale String interval
attribute event lter_num_type String real
attribute event lter_units_string String number
attribute event units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable grid_line String
attribute grid_line column_id long 607
attribute grid_line column_name String col_607
attribute grid_line ioos_category String Unknown
attribute grid_line long_name String Grid Line
attribute grid_line lter_column_description String line on a pre-defined survey grid in the LTER Palmer study area
attribute grid_line lter_column_name String grid line
attribute grid_line lter_mscale String nominal
variable grid_station String
attribute grid_station column_id long 608
attribute grid_station column_name String col_608
attribute grid_station ioos_category String Unknown
attribute grid_station long_name String Grid Station
attribute grid_station lter_column_description String Palmer LTER grid station
attribute grid_station lter_column_name String grid station
attribute grid_station lter_mscale String nominal
variable bottle byte
attribute bottle _FillValue byte 127
attribute bottle actual_range byte -18, 23
attribute bottle column_id long 612
attribute bottle column_name String col_612
attribute bottle ioos_category String Unknown
attribute bottle long_name String Bottle
attribute bottle lter_column_description String reference number of sample bottle from rosette
attribute bottle lter_column_name String bottle number
attribute bottle lter_mscale String interval
attribute bottle lter_num_type String natural
attribute bottle lter_units_string String number
attribute bottle units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable oxygen_concentration double
attribute oxygen_concentration _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute oxygen_concentration actual_range double -999.0, 19.038
attribute oxygen_concentration column_id long 614
attribute oxygen_concentration column_name String col_614
attribute oxygen_concentration ioos_category String Dissolved O2
attribute oxygen_concentration long_name String Oxygen Concentration
attribute oxygen_concentration lter_column_description String oxygen
attribute oxygen_concentration lter_column_name String O2
attribute oxygen_concentration lter_mscale String ratio
attribute oxygen_concentration lter_num_type String real
attribute oxygen_concentration lter_units String ml/L
attribute oxygen_concentration lter_units_string String milliliterPerLiter_keep
attribute oxygen_concentration units String mL L-1
attribute oxygen_concentration units_conventions String ARC-LTER,FCE-LTER,GCE-LTER,GCE-LTER,MCR-LTER,PAL-LTER
variable oxygen_concentration_moles double
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles actual_range double -999.0, 1416.8
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles column_id long 615
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles column_name String col_615
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles ioos_category String Dissolved O2
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles long_name String Oxygen Concentration Moles
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles lter_column_description String oxygen
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles lter_column_name String O2
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles lter_mscale String ratio
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles lter_num_type String real
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles lter_units String µmol/L
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles lter_units_string String micromolePerLiter
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles units String micromoles L-1
attribute oxygen_concentration_moles units_conventions String HFR-LTER,PAL-LTER,PIE-LTER
variable comments double
attribute comments actual_range double 0.001, 417.4
attribute comments column_id long 616
attribute comments column_name String col_616
attribute comments ioos_category String Unknown
attribute comments long_name String Comments
attribute comments lter_column_description String text field to describe a log entry (ex. event log)
attribute comments lter_column_name String comments (rec)
attribute comments lter_mscale String nominal
attribute comments missing_value double NaN

 
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