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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL _NCProperties String version=1|netcdflibversion=4.6.1|hdf5libversion=1.10.6
attribute NC_GLOBAL acknowledgement String Funding and support provided by the National Science Foundation
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Trajectory
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_trajectory_variables String study_name
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes.  A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. \\n\\nPalmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels.  In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training,  education and outreach are an integral part of the program.
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_email String hducklow@ldeo.columbia.edu,dkarl@hawaii.edu
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_name String Hugh Ducklow,David Karl
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_role String PrincipalInvestigator,PrincipalInvestigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_role_vocabulary String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/G04/current/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String CF-1.8, ACDD-1.3, COARDS
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_country String USA
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String kerfoot at marine.rutgers.edu
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_institution String Rutgers University
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String John Kerfoot
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_sector String academic
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String person
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_dataset_id String 44
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_datatable_id String 44
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_datatable_label String Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (Cruise)
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_datatable_name String DissolvedInorganicCarbon
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2021-05-07T19:41:15Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_issued String 2021-05-07T19:41:15Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String null
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultGraphQuery String longitude%2Clatitude%2C&.draw=markers&.marker=5%7C5&.color=0x000000&.colorBar=%7C%7C%7C%7C%7C&.bgColor=0xffccccff
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/79378333f8ec409c56732042d1d9b7cb (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Easternmost_Easting double -63.72267
attribute NC_GLOBAL featureType String Trajectory
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_bounds_crs String EPSG:4326
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs String EPSG:5831
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_max double -60.405
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_min double -70.0883
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_resolution String 0.00001 degree
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_units String degrees_north
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_max double -63.72267
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_min double -78.2083
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_resolution String 0.00001 degree
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_units String degrees_east
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_max double 3700.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_min double 0.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_positive String down
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_units String m
attribute NC_GLOBAL history String local files
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://pal.lternet.edu/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String National Science Foundation
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String carbon, habitats, Inorganic Matter, inorganic nutrients, marine, measurements
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords_vocabulary String LTER Controlled Vocabulary,LTER Core Areas
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String All data contained herein is licensed under the LTER Network Data Access Policy (https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/) (external link). In accordance with scientific publishing conventions and professional etiquette, the consumer of these data (the \"Data User\") is expected to appropriately cite these data in any publication that results from their use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur and should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the data authors. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data.
attribute NC_GLOBAL license_link String https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL methods String General Methods: Discrete samples (300 ml) from Niskin bottle casts preserved with 200 ul saturated HgCl2 solution, sealed and returned to the lab for analyses. Sampling, storage and analytical protocols\\nfollow the WOCE-JGOFS recommendations (Dickson and Goyet, 1994; Knap et al., 1994). The analyses are calibrated using standards provided by Andrew Dickson\\n(http://andrew.ucsd.edu/co2qc/index.html).\\n\\nFrom (external link) 1993-2002, samples were analyzed at the University of Hawaii by David Karl and Chris Carillo (Carrillo et al., 2004). The 2003-2004 samples were collected by Hugh Ducklow and analyzed at Lamont-Doherty by Taro Takahashi and John Goddard. Samples after 2004 are analyzed in the Ducklow lab.\\n\\nThe average standard deviation for replicate samples (two separate samples drawn from the same Niskin bottle) was 0.15% for 2003-2007. The analytical error for replicate analyses of the same sample was 0.06%.\\n\\nCarrillo, C.J., Smith, R.C., Karl, D.M., 2004. Processes regulating oxygen and carbon dioxide in surface waters west of the Antarctic Peninsula. Marine Chemistry 84 (3-4), 161-179.\\n\\nDickson, A.G., Goyet, C., 1994. Handbook of methods for the analysis of the various parameters of the carbon dioxide system in sea water.Version 2. ORNL/CDIAC, Oak Ridge TN.Knap, A., \\n\\nMichaels, A.F., Close, A., Ducklow, H.W., Dickson, A., 1994. Protocols for the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) Core Measurements. Reprint of the IOC Manuals and Guides. UNESCO, Paris, p. vi+170.
attribute NC_GLOBAL naming_authority String edu.rutgers.rucool
attribute NC_GLOBAL Northernmost_Northing double -60.405
attribute NC_GLOBAL product_version String 1.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL program String LTER
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Palmer LTER
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_country String USA
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_email String kerfoot at marine.rutgers.edu
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_institution String Rutgers University
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String John Kerfoot
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String person
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_url String https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL references String https://pal.lternet.edu/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL sea_name String Southern Ocean
attribute NC_GLOBAL source String local files
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Southernmost_Northing double -70.0883
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v77
attribute NC_GLOBAL subsetVariables String study_name,grid_line,grid_station,station
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity of discrete water column samples, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1993 - 2018. There is a temporal uncoupling between Antarctic phytoplankton and bacterial processes.  This affects the coastal ecosystem carbon cycle. Our sampling strategy and experiments are designed to evaluate the hypotheses that this uncoupling is caused by:1) dissolved organic carbon - bacterial interactions,2) temperature effects, and 3) direct competition and chemical antagonism.
attribute NC_GLOBAL time_coverage_end String 2018-01-23T21:59:00Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL time_coverage_start String 1993-01-08T09:20:00Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String Dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity of discrete water column samples, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1993, 2018.
attribute NC_GLOBAL Westernmost_Easting double -78.2083
variable study_name String
attribute study_name cf_role String trajectory_id
attribute study_name column_name String studyName
attribute study_name comment String Cruise name
attribute study_name ioos_category String Identifier
attribute study_name long_name String Study
variable event short
attribute event _FillValue short 32767
attribute event actual_range short 1, 1311
attribute event colorBarMaximum double 100.0
attribute event colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute event column_name String col_541
attribute event comment String sequence of cruise happenings ordered by time
attribute event ioos_category String Statistics
attribute event long_name String Event Number
attribute event lter_mscale String interval
attribute event lter_num_type String real
attribute event lter_units_string String number
attribute event units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable bottle byte
attribute bottle _FillValue byte 127
attribute bottle actual_range byte 0, 24
attribute bottle colorBarMaximum double 100.0
attribute bottle colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute bottle column_name String col_542
attribute bottle comment String reference number of sample bottle from rosette
attribute bottle ioos_category String Statistics
attribute bottle long_name String Bottle Number
attribute bottle lter_mscale String interval
attribute bottle lter_num_type String natural
attribute bottle lter_units_string String number
attribute bottle units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable grid_station String
attribute grid_station column_name String col_543
attribute grid_station comment String Palmer LTER grid station
attribute grid_station ioos_category String Unknown
attribute grid_station long_name String Station Name
attribute grid_station lter_mscale String nominal
variable cast_number short
attribute cast_number _FillValue short 32767
attribute cast_number actual_range short 1, 134
attribute cast_number colorBarMaximum double 100.0
attribute cast_number colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute cast_number column_name String col_5431
attribute cast_number comment String reference number for ship-based over-the-side deployed and lowered instrumentation. FillValue denotes underway event.
attribute cast_number ioos_category String Statistics
attribute cast_number long_name String Cast
attribute cast_number lter_mscale String nominal
variable grid_line double
attribute grid_line _FillValue double NaN
attribute grid_line actual_range double -156.31, 663.27
attribute grid_line column_name String col_5432
attribute grid_line comment String Line on pre-defined survey grid in the LTER Palmer study area
attribute grid_line ioos_category String Unknown
attribute grid_line long_name String Line
attribute grid_line lter_mscale String nominal
variable station double
attribute station _FillValue double NaN
attribute station actual_range double -90.77, 808.66
attribute station column_name String col_5433
attribute station comment String Palmer LTER grid station
attribute station ioos_category String Identifier
attribute station long_name String Station
attribute station lter_mscale String nominal
variable time double
attribute time _CoordinateAxisType String Time
attribute time actual_range double 7.264848E8, 1.51674474E9
attribute time axis String T
attribute time calendar String proleptic_gregorian
attribute time column_name String col_579
attribute time comment String date and time
attribute time ioos_category String Time
attribute time long_name String Datetime GMT
attribute time lter_mscale String dateTime
attribute time standard_name String time
attribute time time_origin String 01-JAN-1970 00:00:00
attribute time units String seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
variable latitude double
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute latitude actual_range double -70.0883, -60.405
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude colorBarMaximum double 90.0
attribute latitude colorBarMinimum double -90.0
attribute latitude column_name String col_5434
attribute latitude comment String Latitude measured from the equator in decimal degrees, South is negative
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Latitude
attribute latitude lter_mscale String ratio
attribute latitude lter_num_type String real
attribute latitude lter_units String º
attribute latitude lter_units_string String degree
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
attribute latitude units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable longitude double
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute longitude actual_range double -78.2083, -63.72267
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude colorBarMaximum double 180.0
attribute longitude colorBarMinimum double -180.0
attribute longitude column_name String col_5435
attribute longitude comment String Longitude measured from the Prime Meridian in decimal degrees, West is negative
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Longitude
attribute longitude lter_mscale String ratio
attribute longitude lter_num_type String real
attribute longitude lter_units String º
attribute longitude lter_units_string String degree
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east
attribute longitude units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable depth double
attribute depth _CoordinateAxisType String Height
attribute depth _CoordinateZisPositive String down
attribute depth _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute depth actual_range double 0.0, 3700.0
attribute depth axis String Z
attribute depth colorBarMaximum double 8000.0
attribute depth colorBarMinimum double -8000.0
attribute depth colorBarPalette String TopographyDepth
attribute depth column_name String col_544
attribute depth comment String measurement or sample collection distance from water column surface
attribute depth ioos_category String Location
attribute depth long_name String Depth
attribute depth lter_mscale String ratio
attribute depth lter_num_type String real
attribute depth lter_units String m
attribute depth lter_units_string String meter
attribute depth positive String down
attribute depth standard_name String depth
attribute depth units String m
attribute depth units_conventions String AND-LTER,BNZ-LTER,CDR-LTER,EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER,LUQ-LTER,SGS-LTER
variable dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 double
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 actual_range double -9.0, 2473.0
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 column_name String col_545
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 comment String Carbon in micromoles per kilogram
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 ioos_category String Unknown
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 long_name String DIC 1
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 lter_mscale String ratio
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 lter_num_type String real
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 lter_units String µmol/kg
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 lter_units_string String micromolePerKilogram
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 units String micromoles kg-1
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon1 units_conventions String ARC-LTER,CCE-LTER,MCR-LTER,PAL-LTER,SBC-LTER
variable dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 double
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 actual_range double 1881.2, 2406.7
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 column_name String col_546
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 comment String Carbon in micromoles per kilogram
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 ioos_category String Unknown
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 long_name String DIC 2
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 lter_mscale String ratio
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 lter_num_type String real
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 lter_units String µmol/kg
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 lter_units_string String micromolePerKilogram
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 units String micromoles kg-1
attribute dissolved_inorganic_carbon2 units_conventions String ARC-LTER,CCE-LTER,MCR-LTER,PAL-LTER,SBC-LTER
variable alkalinity1 double
attribute alkalinity1 _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute alkalinity1 actual_range double 10.0, 2446.6
attribute alkalinity1 column_name String col_547
attribute alkalinity1 comment String alkalinity
attribute alkalinity1 ioos_category String CO2
attribute alkalinity1 long_name String Alkalinity 1
attribute alkalinity1 lter_mscale String ratio
attribute alkalinity1 lter_num_type String real
attribute alkalinity1 lter_units String µEq/kg
attribute alkalinity1 lter_units_string String microEquivalentsPerKilogram
attribute alkalinity1 units_conventions String PAL-LTER
variable alkalinity2 double
attribute alkalinity2 _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute alkalinity2 actual_range double 2172.94795432617, 2401.87376725838
attribute alkalinity2 column_name String col_548
attribute alkalinity2 comment String alkalinity
attribute alkalinity2 ioos_category String CO2
attribute alkalinity2 long_name String Alkalinity 2
attribute alkalinity2 lter_mscale String ratio
attribute alkalinity2 lter_num_type String real
attribute alkalinity2 lter_units String µEq/kg
attribute alkalinity2 lter_units_string String microEquivalentsPerKilogram
attribute alkalinity2 units_conventions String PAL-LTER
variable temperature double
attribute temperature _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute temperature actual_range double -2.70869, 4.1692
attribute temperature colorBarMaximum double 40.0
attribute temperature colorBarMinimum double -10.0
attribute temperature column_name String col_5429
attribute temperature comment String in situ seawater temperature
attribute temperature ioos_category String Temperature
attribute temperature long_name String Temperature
attribute temperature lter_mscale String ratio
attribute temperature lter_num_type String real
attribute temperature lter_units_string String celcius
attribute temperature standard_name String sea_water_temperature`
attribute temperature units String degree_C
attribute temperature units_conventions String CDR-LTER
variable salinity double
attribute salinity _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute salinity actual_range double 29.634, 34.7383
attribute salinity colorBarMaximum double 37.0
attribute salinity colorBarMinimum double 32.0
attribute salinity column_name String col_5430
attribute salinity comment String in situ seawater salinity
attribute salinity ioos_category String Salinity
attribute salinity long_name String Salinity
attribute salinity lter_mscale String ratio
attribute salinity lter_num_type String real
attribute salinity lter_units String PSU
attribute salinity lter_units_string String practicalSalinityUnit
attribute salinity standard_name String sea_water_practical_salinity
attribute salinity units String 1
attribute salinity units_conventions String MCM-LTER,PAL-LTER
variable notes String
attribute notes column_name String col_549
attribute notes comment String text field to describe a log entry (ex. event log)
attribute notes ioos_category String Unknown
attribute notes long_name String Notes
attribute notes lter_mscale String nominal

 
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