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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL _NCProperties String version=1|netcdflibversion=4.6.1|hdf5libversion=1.10.6
attribute NC_GLOBAL acknowledgement String Funding and support provided by the National Science Foundation
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Trajectory
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_trajectory_variables String study_name
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes.  A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. Palmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels.  In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training,  education and outreach are an integral part of the program.
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_email String oscar@marine.rutgers.edu,mvernet@ucsd.edu,ray@icess.ucsb.edu
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_name String Oscar Schofield,Maria Vernet,Raymond Smith
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_role String PrincipalInvestigator,PrincipalInvestigator,PrincipalInvestigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL contributor_role_vocabulary String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/G04/current/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String CF-1.8, ACDD-1.3, COARDS
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_country String USA
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String kerfoot at marine.rutgers.edu
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_institution String Rutgers University
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String John Kerfoot
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_sector String academic
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String person
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_dataset_id String 24
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_datatable_id String 24
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_datatable_label String Chlorophyll (Cruise)
attribute NC_GLOBAL datazoo_datatable_name String Chlorophyll
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2022-02-28T14:26:21Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_issued String 2022-02-28T14:26:21Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String null
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultGraphQuery String longitude,latitude&.draw=markers&.marker=6%7C5&.color=0x000000&.colorBar=%7C%7C%7C%7C%7C&.bgColor=0xffccccff&.yRange=%7C%7Cfalse%7C
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/585ba08c3ab00f7d36f3756bb8e7f79b (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Easternmost_Easting double -49.35
attribute NC_GLOBAL featureType String Trajectory
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_bounds_crs String EPSG:4326
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_bounds_vertical_crs String EPSG:5831
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_max double -48.35
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_min double -70.095
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_resolution String 0.00001 degree
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_units String degrees_north
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_max double -49.35
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_min double -78.20833
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_resolution String 0.00001 degree
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_units String degrees_east
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_max double 3718.14
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_min double 0.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_positive String down
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_units String m
attribute NC_GLOBAL history String local files
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://pal.lternet.edu/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String National Science Foundation
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String biogeochemistry, biomass, chlorophyll, communities, ecology, ecosystems, food webs, habitats, ice, marine, measurements, Primary Production, primary production, remote sensing, Signature, trophic dynamics
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords_vocabulary String LTER Controlled Vocabulary,LTER Core Areas
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String All data contained herein is licensed under the LTER Network Data Access Policy (https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/) (external link). In accordance with scientific publishing conventions and professional etiquette, the consumer of these data (the \"Data User\") is expected to appropriately cite these data in any publication that results from their use. The Data User should realize that these data may be actively used by others for ongoing research and that coordination may be necessary to prevent duplicate publication. The Data User is urged to contact the authors of these data if any questions about methodology or results occur and should realize that misinterpretation of data may occur if used out of context of the original study. Where appropriate, the Data User is encouraged to consider collaboration or co-authorship with the data authors. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed. All data are made available \"as is.\" The Data User should be aware that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data.
attribute NC_GLOBAL license_link String https://lternet.edu/data-access-policy/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL methods String General Methods: Determined by extraction and measured from a discrete sample using a bench fluorometer.
attribute NC_GLOBAL naming_authority String edu.rutgers.rucool
attribute NC_GLOBAL Northernmost_Northing double -48.35
attribute NC_GLOBAL product_version String 1.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL program String LTER
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Palmer LTER
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_country String USA
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_email String kerfoot at marine.rutgers.edu
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_institution String Rutgers University
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String John Kerfoot
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String person
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_url String https://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL references String https://pal.lternet.edu/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL sea_name String Southern Ocean
attribute NC_GLOBAL source String /Users/kerfoot/data/lter/data/tsv/dat_24/dat_24_PD97-01.tsv
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Southernmost_Northing double -70.095
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v77
attribute NC_GLOBAL subsetVariables String study_name,grid_line,grid_station,nominal_station
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Phytoplankton chlorophyll sampling was led by Smith from 1991-2002, and then by Vernet from 2003-2008. Schofield is the third, and current lead, beginning in 2009. Methods have been kept consistent as much as possible over the full time series and different Principal Investigators. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) is the principal photosynthetic pigment of phytoplankton, and is used as a proxy measurement for estimating phytoplankton biomass in water samples. Chl a concentrations reflect the distribution of active phytoplankton spatially and with depth in the water column and their changes over time. Phaeopigments are non-photosynthetic pigments that are degradation products of phytoplankton chlorophylls which form during and after phytoplankton blooms. Water samples are collected throughout the water column along the Western Antarctic Peninsula at regular LTER grid stations where Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) casts are preformed and in surface waters at underway stations, where CTD casts are not done, using the ship's flow-through seawater system. Water samples are filtered onto GF/F filters, and filters kept frozen at -80°C until analysis at Palmer Station following the completion of the cruise. Fluorometric chlorophyll and phaeopigment analysis is conducted at Palmer Station through acetone extraction of the GF/F filters and measurement of the extract on a Turner 10AU Fluorometer. The primary source of error for phaeopigment measurement is Chlorophyll b. If high amounts of Chlorophyll b are present in the sample, phaeopigments may be overestimated.
attribute NC_GLOBAL time_coverage_end String 2019-02-04T12:15:10Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL time_coverage_start String 1989-03-28T16:14:00Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String Chlorophyll and phaeopigments from water column samples, collected at selected depths aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1991 - 2019.
attribute NC_GLOBAL Westernmost_Easting double -78.20833
variable study_name String
attribute study_name cf_role String trajectory_id
attribute study_name column_name String studyName
attribute study_name comment String Cruise name
attribute study_name ioos_category String Identifier
attribute study_name long_name String Study
variable chlorophyll_a double
attribute chlorophyll_a _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute chlorophyll_a actual_range double 0.0, 13292.5
attribute chlorophyll_a colorBarMaximum double 30.0
attribute chlorophyll_a colorBarMinimum double 0.03
attribute chlorophyll_a colorBarScale String Log
attribute chlorophyll_a column_id long 298
attribute chlorophyll_a column_name String col_298
attribute chlorophyll_a ioos_category String Ocean Color
attribute chlorophyll_a lter_column_description String a photosynthetic pigment
attribute chlorophyll_a lter_column_name String Chlorophyll
attribute chlorophyll_a lter_mscale String ratio
attribute chlorophyll_a lter_num_type String real
attribute chlorophyll_a lter_units String mg/m³
attribute chlorophyll_a lter_units_string String milligramPerMeterCubed
attribute chlorophyll_a standard_name String mass_concentration_of_chlorophyll_a_in_sea_water
attribute chlorophyll_a units String mg m-3
attribute chlorophyll_a units_conventions String EML-LTER
variable phaeopigment double
attribute phaeopigment _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute phaeopigment actual_range double 0.0, 10447.3
attribute phaeopigment column_id long 299
attribute phaeopigment column_name String col_299
attribute phaeopigment ioos_category String Unknown
attribute phaeopigment lter_column_description String a non-photosynthetic pigment
attribute phaeopigment lter_column_name String Phaeopigment
attribute phaeopigment lter_mscale String ratio
attribute phaeopigment lter_num_type String real
attribute phaeopigment lter_units String mg/m³
attribute phaeopigment lter_units_string String milligramPerMeterCubed
attribute phaeopigment units String mg m-3
attribute phaeopigment units_conventions String EML-LTER
variable event String
attribute event column_id long 300
attribute event column_name String col_300
attribute event ioos_category String Unknown
attribute event lter_column_description String sequence of cruise happenings ordered by time
attribute event lter_column_name String Event
attribute event lter_mscale String interval
attribute event lter_num_type String real
attribute event lter_units_string String number
attribute event units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable bottle byte
attribute bottle _FillValue byte 127
attribute bottle actual_range byte 1, 46
attribute bottle column_id long 301
attribute bottle column_name String col_301
attribute bottle ioos_category String Unknown
attribute bottle lter_column_description String reference number of sample bottle from rosette
attribute bottle lter_column_name String Bottle
attribute bottle lter_mscale String interval
attribute bottle lter_num_type String natural
attribute bottle lter_units_string String number
attribute bottle units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable time double
attribute time _CoordinateAxisType String Time
attribute time actual_range double 6.0710484E8, 1.54928251E9
attribute time axis String T
attribute time calendar String proleptic_gregorian
attribute time column_id long 441
attribute time column_name String col_441
attribute time comment String date and time
attribute time ioos_category String Time
attribute time long_name String Time
attribute time lter_column_description String date and time 
attribute time lter_column_name String Datetime GMT
attribute time lter_mscale String dateTime
attribute time standard_name String time
attribute time time_origin String 01-JAN-1970 00:00:00
attribute time units String seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
variable grid_line String
attribute grid_line column_id long 442
attribute grid_line column_name String col_442
attribute grid_line ioos_category String Unknown
attribute grid_line lter_column_description String line on a pre-defined survey grid in the LTER Palmer study area
attribute grid_line lter_column_name String Grid Line
attribute grid_line lter_mscale String nominal
variable grid_station String
attribute grid_station column_id long 443
attribute grid_station column_name String col_443
attribute grid_station ioos_category String Unknown
attribute grid_station lter_column_description String Palmer LTER grid station
attribute grid_station lter_column_name String Grid Station
attribute grid_station lter_mscale String nominal
variable latitude double
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute latitude actual_range double -70.095, -48.35
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude colorBarMaximum double 90.0
attribute latitude colorBarMinimum double -90.0
attribute latitude column_id long 444
attribute latitude column_name String col_444
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Latitude
attribute latitude lter_column_description String latitude measured from the equator in decimal degrees, South is negative
attribute latitude lter_column_name String Latitude
attribute latitude lter_mscale String ratio
attribute latitude lter_num_type String real
attribute latitude lter_units String º
attribute latitude lter_units_string String degree
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
attribute latitude units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable longitude double
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute longitude actual_range double -78.20833, -49.35
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude colorBarMaximum double 180.0
attribute longitude colorBarMinimum double -180.0
attribute longitude column_id long 445
attribute longitude column_name String col_445
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Longitude
attribute longitude lter_column_description String longitude measured from the Prime Meridian in decimal degrees, West is negative
attribute longitude lter_column_name String Longitude
attribute longitude lter_mscale String ratio
attribute longitude lter_num_type String real
attribute longitude lter_units String º
attribute longitude lter_units_string String degree
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east
attribute longitude units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable depth double
attribute depth _CoordinateAxisType String Height
attribute depth _CoordinateZisPositive String down
attribute depth _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute depth actual_range double 0.0, 3718.14
attribute depth axis String Z
attribute depth colorBarMaximum double 8000.0
attribute depth colorBarMinimum double -8000.0
attribute depth colorBarPalette String TopographyDepth
attribute depth column_id long 446
attribute depth column_name String col_446
attribute depth ioos_category String Location
attribute depth long_name String Depth
attribute depth lter_column_description String measurement or sample collection distance from water column surface
attribute depth lter_column_name String Depth
attribute depth lter_mscale String ratio
attribute depth lter_num_type String real
attribute depth lter_units String m
attribute depth lter_units_string String meter
attribute depth missing_value double -999.0
attribute depth positive String down
attribute depth standard_name String depth
attribute depth units String m
attribute depth units_conventions String AND-LTER,BNZ-LTER,CDR-LTER,EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER,LUQ-LTER,SGS-LTER
variable irradiance double
attribute irradiance _FillValue double 9.969209968386869E36
attribute irradiance actual_range double 0.0, 100.0
attribute irradiance colorBarMaximum double 100.0
attribute irradiance colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute irradiance column_id long 447
attribute irradiance column_name String col_447
attribute irradiance ioos_category String Unknown
attribute irradiance lter_column_description String The ratio of two light measurements incident on horizontal surfaces at two locations.
attribute irradiance lter_column_name String Irradiance
attribute irradiance lter_mscale String ratio
attribute irradiance lter_num_type String real
attribute irradiance lter_units String %
attribute irradiance lter_units_string String percent
attribute irradiance missing_value double -999.0
attribute irradiance units String percent
attribute irradiance units_conventions String BNZ-LTER,CAP-LTER,CDR-LTER,FCE-LTER,GCE-LTER,HBR-LTER,KNZ-LTER,MCM-LTER,NTL-LTER,NWT-LTER,PAL-LTER,PIE-LTER,SGS-LTER
variable filter_code byte
attribute filter_code _FillValue byte 127
attribute filter_code actual_range byte -128, 126
attribute filter_code column_id long 448
attribute filter_code column_name String col_448
attribute filter_code ioos_category String Unknown
attribute filter_code lter_column_description String Chlorophyll sampling code used by PAL LTER.
attribute filter_code lter_column_name String Filter Code
attribute filter_code lter_mscale String nominal
variable nominal_station String
attribute nominal_station column_id long 449
attribute nominal_station column_name String col_449
attribute nominal_station ioos_category String Unknown
attribute nominal_station lter_column_description String Palmer LTER grid station
attribute nominal_station lter_column_name String Nominal Station
attribute nominal_station lter_mscale String nominal
variable cast_number short
attribute cast_number _FillValue short 32767
attribute cast_number actual_range short 1, 1997
attribute cast_number colorBarMaximum double 100.0
attribute cast_number colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute cast_number column_id long 450
attribute cast_number column_name String col_450
attribute cast_number ioos_category String Statistics
attribute cast_number lter_column_description String reference number for ship-based over-the-side deployed and lowered instrumentation
attribute cast_number lter_column_name String Cast Number
attribute cast_number lter_mscale String interval
attribute cast_number lter_num_type String natural
attribute cast_number lter_units_string String number
attribute cast_number units_conventions String EML-2.0.1,EML-2.1.0,EML-LTER
variable notes String
attribute notes column_id long 1734
attribute notes column_name String col_1734
attribute notes ioos_category String Unknown
attribute notes lter_column_description String text field to describe a log entry (ex. event log)
attribute notes lter_column_name String Notes
attribute notes lter_mscale String nominal
variable platform String
attribute platform column_id long 1981
attribute platform column_name String col_1981
attribute platform ioos_category String Unknown
attribute platform lter_column_description String the type of physical staging for instrument deployment or data gathering
attribute platform lter_column_name String Platform
attribute platform lter_mscale String nominal
variable sampling_device String
attribute sampling_device column_id long 1982
attribute sampling_device column_name String col_1982
attribute sampling_device ioos_category String Unknown
attribute sampling_device lter_column_description String Device with which a given sample was collected.
attribute sampling_device lter_column_name String Sampling Device
attribute sampling_device lter_mscale String nominal

 
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