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| griddap | Subset | tabledap | Make A Graph | wms | files | Title | Summary | FGDC | ISO 19115 | Info | Background Info | RSS | Institution | Dataset ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance/ | Abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and archaea that were collected on LMG 06-01 (archaea) at discrete depths, 2006. | The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes. A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. \\n\\nPalmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels. In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training, education and outreach are an integral part of the program.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\ndepth (m)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\nevent\nstation\nbottle\neub_16s_gene_copies (L-1)\naob_165_gene_copies (L-1)\narchaea_16s_gene_copies (L-1)\ncren_16s_gene_copies (L-1)\n... (10 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | AmmoniaOxidizingBacteriaAndArchaeaAbundance | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/BirdCensusStationaryWinter.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/BirdCensusStationaryWinter | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/BirdCensusStationaryWinter.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/BirdCensusStationaryWinter/ | At-sea seabird censuses. Data on the species encountered (including marine mammals), their abundance, distribution and behavior. Data collected aboard cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Penninsula, 1993, 1999 and 2001. | The objectives of the LTER seabird component during the 92-93 season cruises were similar. These objectives included 1) determining the pelagic abundance and distribution of Adelie Penguins, 2) examining how the physical and biological characteristics of the marine environment influence these parameters and, 3) using these data to identify foraging areas that may be important to Adelie populations being studied as part of land-based work at Palmer Station. Secondary objectives included documenting the abundance and distribution of other seabirds and marine mammals within the LTER study area. The focus of the January cruise was the nearshore foraging habitat,which required sampling at smaller scales. All seabird censuses were thus conducted within approximately 100 kms of Palmer Station while traversing a sampling grid with stations at 10km intervals. The first two days (18-20 January) of this cruise were spent covering the selected grid as rapidly as possible resulting in 45 transects spaced at 45-60 minute intervals. There were no stops at the 10km stations during this Fast Grid phase. Upon completion of the Fast Grid, a force 12 gale suspended data collection for 24 hours. From January 22-25 the grid direction was reversed and the grid repeated. During this Slow Grid phase, 2-M net tows were done at 10km intervals and BOPS and 1-M and 2-M net tows every 20 km. All seabird censusesduring the cruise were done using the procedures outlined in theprevious paragraph.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nevent\ncruise_id\nstudy_name (Study)\ndepth (m)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nstation\ngrid_line (km)\ngrid_station (km)\nsea_state\nsalinity (Sea Water Practical Salinity, 1)\n... (14 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/BirdCensusStationaryWinter_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/BirdCensusStationaryWinter_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/BirdCensusStationaryWinter/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/BirdCensusStationaryWinter.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=BirdCensusStationaryWinter&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | BirdCensusStationaryWinter | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/PalmerStationMicrobialData.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/PalmerStationMicrobialData | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/PalmerStationMicrobialData.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/PalmerStationMicrobialData/ | Bacterial abundance and produciton at the Palmer Station LTER sites B and E in May 2011 and 2012 | The data described here were collected as part of a study of photoheterotrophic microbes in Antarctic waters (National Science Foundation (NSF) OPP 0838830). This sampling was conducted in May outside of the LTER sampling season at Palmer Station. Samplng was conducted by pumping water from a depth of 1 m into carboys that were returned to the lab..The data described here were collected as part of a study of photoheterotrophic microbes in Antarctic waters (NSF OPP 0838830). This sampling was conducted in May outside of the LTER sampling season at Palmer Station. Samplng was conducted by pumping water from a depth of 1 m into carboys that were returned to the lab.\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nstation\ndepth (m)\nsalinity (Sea Water Practical Salinity, 1)\ntemperature (Sea Water Temperature, degree_C)\nchlorophyll_a (Mass Concentration Of Chlorophyll A In Sea Water, ug L-1)\nchlorophyll_a_standard_deviation (ug L-1)\nleucine_incorporation (picomoles L-1 hr-1)\nleucine_incorporation_stdev (picomoles L-1 hr-1)\nthymidine_incorporation (picomoles L-1 hr-1)\nthymidine_incorporation_stdev (picomoles L-1 hr-1)\nbacterial_abundance\nbacterial_abundance_stdev\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/PalmerStationMicrobialData/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/PalmerStationMicrobialData.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=PalmerStationMicrobialData&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | PalmerStationMicrobialData | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseBacteria.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseBacteria | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseBacteria.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruiseBacteria/ | Bacterial properties in discrete water column samples at selected depths, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctica Peninsula, 2003, 2019. | Bacterial properties in discrete water column samples at selected depths, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctica Peninsula, 2003 - 2019. The microbial biogeochemistry component of PAL focuses on marine bacterioplankton, and is thus a counterpart to the phytoplankton and zooplankton components, which together provide a detailed and comprehensive description of plankton ecology in PAL-LTER. Bacteria and Archaea (hereafter called \"bacteria\") are taxonomically and metabolically diverse. In coastal and offshore surface waters Bacteria generally predominate over Archaea, but Archaea are equal or greater in abundance in the mesopelagic layer below the euphoric zone. We focus on aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria in the upper 100 m on the annual summer cruise. These bacteria oxidize recently-produced low molecular weight dissolved organic compounds released by phytoplankton and zooplankton, decomposing them back into CO2 and inorganic nutrients. Globally, marine bacteria respire an amount of carbon roughly equal to about half the daily photosynthetic production. In cold polar waters, relative bacterial activity is lower, with bacterial biomass production being equal to <5% of the daily photosynthesis. The ratio at lower latitudes is 10-20%. The factors responsible for this contrast are not entirely clear. Resolving this pattern is a key aim of the PAL microbial component. Bacterial production is generally low across the grid, relative to primary production, but with considerable spatial and annual variability. Discrete BP can reach >200mgC/m2/d following bloom-fueled high organic matter events. Across the grid and over years, BP is highly correlated with chlorophyll, highlighting the close relationship with phytoplanktonic organic matter production.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nevent (Event Number)\nstation (Station Name)\nbottle (Bottle Number)\ntime (Datetime GMT, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\ndepth (m)\nbacterial_cell_count (Abundance, count L-1)\n... (5 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/CruiseBacteria_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/CruiseBacteria_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruiseBacteria/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruiseBacteria.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruiseBacteria&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruiseBacteria | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationBacteria.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationBacteria | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationBacteria.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StationBacteria/ | Bacterial properties in discrete water column samples collected during Palmer LTER station seasons at Palmer Station Antarctica, 2002, 2019. | Bacterial properties in discrete water column samples collected during Palmer LTER station seasons at Palmer Station Antarctica, 2002 - 2019. The microbial biogeochemistry component of PAL focuses on marine bacterioplankton, and is thus a counterpart to the phytoplankton and zooplankton components, which together provide a detailed and comprehensive description of plankton ecology in PAL-LTER. Bacteria and Archaea (hereafter called \"bacteria\") are taxonomically and metabolically diverse. In coastal and offshore surface waters Bacteria generally predominate over Archaea, but Archaea are equal or greater in abundance in the mesopelagic layer below the euphoric zone. We focus on aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria in the upper 65 m at Palmer Station which oxidize recently-produced low molecular weight dissolved organic compounds released by phytoplankton and zooplankton, decomposing them back into CO2 and inorganic nutrients. Globally, marine bacteria respire an amount of carbon roughly equal to about half the daily photosynthetic production. In cold polar waters, relative bacterial activity is lower, with bacterial biomass production being equal to <5% of the daily photosynthesis. The ratio at lower latitudes is 10-20%. The factors responsible for this contrast are not entirely clear. Resolving this pattern is a key aim of the PAL microbial component. At Palmer Station, bacterial production is low (< 10 mgC/m2/d) in the winter (polar night) when there is little if any photosynthesis. There is a climatological (2003-14 average) summer peak of 50-60 mgC/m2/d in January-February but with considerable seasonal and annual variability. \\n\\nThe 2016/2017 season data contains bacteria abundances for preserved samples for comparison to abundances from live samples. See the documentation for this in the accompanying file, 2016_live_vs_preserved.pdf.\n\ncdm_data_type = TimeSeries\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (Date GMT, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\nevent (Event Number)\nstation (Station Name)\ndepth (m)\nbacterial_cell_count (Abundance, count L-1)\n... (5 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/StationBacteria_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/StationBacteria_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StationBacteria/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StationBacteria.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StationBacteria&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StationBacteria | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon/ | Dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity of discrete water column samples, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1993, 2018. | Dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity of discrete water column samples, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1993 - 2018. There is a temporal uncoupling between Antarctic phytoplankton and bacterial processes. This affects the coastal ecosystem carbon cycle. Our sampling strategy and experiments are designed to evaluate the hypotheses that this uncoupling is caused by:1) dissolved organic carbon - bacterial interactions,2) temperature effects, and 3) direct competition and chemical antagonism.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nevent (Event Number)\nbottle (Bottle Number)\ngrid_station\ncast_number (Cast)\ngrid_line (Line)\nstation\ntime (Datetime GMT, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\ndepth (m)\ndissolved_inorganic_carbon1 (DIC 1, micromoles kg-1)\ndissolved_inorganic_carbon2 (DIC 2, micromoles kg-1)\nalkalinity1 (Alkalinity 1)\nalkalinity2 (Alkalinity 2)\ntemperature (degree_C)\nsalinity (1)\nnotes\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruiseDissolvedInorganicCarbon | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients/ | Dissolved inorganic nutrients including 5 macro nutrients: silicate, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium from water column bottle samples collected during annual cruise along western Antarctic Peninsula, 1991, 2019. | Dissolved inorganic nutrients including 5 macro nutrients: silicate, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium from water column bottle samples collected during annual cruise along western Antarctic Peninsula, 1991 - 2019. The inorganic plant macronutrients dissolved phosphate, silicate, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium are the major sources of nutrition for phytoplankton growth in seawater (with sunlight and inorganic carbon). Macronutrient distributions reflect the large-scale circulation patterns in the oceans and are useful properties to delineate water masses. Dissolved inorganic nutrients samples are typically collected in every Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD)/Rosette cast performed on the annual LTER cruises along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Water samples are analyzed for dissolved nutrients with recognized standard oceanographic protocols for nutrient autoanalyzers (continuous flow analyzers). In Antarctic waters, dissolved inorganic macronutrients are seldom depleted to limiting concentrations except during heavy prolonged phytoplankton blooms. This is due to the fact that phytoplankton growth is more often limited by light or iron, and to the short growing season. .The inorganic plant macronutrients dissolved phosphate, silicate, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium are the major sources of nutrition for phytoplankton growth in seawater (with sunlight and inorganic carbon). Macronutrient distributions reflect the large-scale circulation patterns in the oceans and are useful properties to delineate water masses. Dissolved inorganic nutrients samples are typically collected in every CTD/Rosette cast performed on the annual LTER cruises along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Water samples are analyzed for dissolved nutrients with recognized standard oceanographic protocols for nutrient autoanalyzers (continuous flow analyzers). In Antarctic waters, dissolved inorganic macronutrients are seldom depleted to limiting concentrations except during heavy prolonged phytoplankton blooms. This is due to the fact that phytoplankton growth is more often limited by light or iron, and to the short growing season. .The inorganic plant macronutrients dissolved phosphate, silicate, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium are the major sources of nutrition for phytoplankton growth in seawater (with sunlight and inorganic carbon). Macronutrient distributions reflect the large-scale circulation patterns in the oceans and are useful properties to delineate water masses. Dissolved inorganic nutrients samples are typically collected in every CTD/Rosette cast performed on the annual LTER cruises along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Water samples are analyzed for dissolved nutrients with recognized standard oceanographic protocols for nutrient autoanalyzers (continuous flow analyzers). In Antarctic waters, dissolved inorganic macronutrients are seldom depleted to limiting concentrations except during heavy prolonged phytoplankton blooms. This is due to the fact that phytoplankton growth is more often limited by light or iron, and to the short growing season.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\n... (17 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruiseDissolvedInorganicNutrients | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseDissolvedOrganicCarbon.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseDissolvedOrganicCarbon | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseDissolvedOrganicCarbon.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruiseDissolvedOrganicCarbon/ | Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) taken from discrete water column samples collected during annual cruise along western Antarctic Peninsula, 2003-2012. | Dissolved organic carbon (Department of Commerce (DOC)) is a poorly-characterized but large and dynamic pool of actively-cycling carbon in the oceans, and one of the largest organic carbon pools on the planet. The total DOC pool consists of three major fractions: refractory DOC resistant to microbial oxidation with a turnover time of millennia; semi-labile DOC, produced and decomposed on seasonal timescales, and labile DOC, consisting of simple, recently-produced compounds with nanomolar concentrations, and turnover times of minutes-days. The background concentration of refractory DOC in the deep ocean is 35-45 micromolar. DOC concentration in the upper 100-200 meters is enhanced by 10-50 micromolar with the addition of semilabile DOC. In subtropical and temperate oceans, semilabile DOC can form an important part of the carbon export by deep vertical mixing into the oceanic mid-depths. Concentrations of semilabile DOC are lower in the polar Southern Ocean than in most other regions.\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (Datetime GMT, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\ngrid_line (Grid Line Intended)\ngrid_station (Grid Station Intended)\nstation (Station Name)\nbottle (Bottle Number)\ndepth (m)\ndissolved_organic_carbon (DOC, micromoles L-1)\nevent (Event Number)\nnotes\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruiseDissolvedOrganicCarbon/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruiseDissolvedOrganicCarbon.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruiseDissolvedOrganicCarbon&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruiseDissolvedOrganicCarbon | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseInherentOpticalProperties.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseInherentOpticalProperties | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseInherentOpticalProperties.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruiseInherentOpticalProperties/ | Inherent optical properties measured at selected water-column depths, collected aboard Palmer LTER Annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Penninsula, 2009. | The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes. A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. \\n\\nPalmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels. In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training, education and outreach are an integral part of the program.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nevent\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\ngrid_line\ngrid_station\nstation\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\ndepth (m)\nsalinity (Sea Water Practical Salinity, 1)\ntemperature (Sea Water Temperature, degree_C)\nconductivity (Sea Water Electrical Conductivity, mS cm-1)\n... (24 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/CruiseInherentOpticalProperties_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/CruiseInherentOpticalProperties_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruiseInherentOpticalProperties/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruiseInherentOpticalProperties.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruiseInherentOpticalProperties&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruiseInherentOpticalProperties | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationInherentOpticalProperties.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationInherentOpticalProperties | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationInherentOpticalProperties.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StationInherentOpticalProperties/ | Inherent optical properties measured at selected water-column depths, collected at Palmer Station Antarctica, 2008/2009 field season. | The Palmer, Antarctica, Long-Term Ecological Research project is a member site of the Long-Term Ecological Research program, a network of sites investigating diverse biomes. A team of researchers seeks to understand the structure and function of the Western Antarctic Peninsula's marine and terrestrial ecosystems in the context of seasonal-to-interannual atmospheric and sea ice dynamics, as well as long-term climate change. The PAL measurement system (or grid) is designed to study marine and terrestrial food webs consisting principally of diatom primary producers, the dominant herbivore Antarctic krill, and the apex predator Adelie penguin. An attenuated microbial food web is also a focus. PAL studies these ecosystems annually over a regional scale grid of oceanographic stations and seasonally at Palmer Station. \\n\\nPalmer Station is located on Anvers Island west of the Antarctic Peninula. The peninsula runs perpendicular to a strong climatic gradient between the cold, dry continental regime to the south, characteristic of the Antarctic interior, and the warm, moist, maritime regime to the north. North-south shifts in the gradient give rise to large environmental variability to climate change. Sea ice extent and variability affects ecosystem changes at all trophic levels. In addition to the long-term field and research activities, information management, graduate student training, education and outreach are an integral part of the program.\n\ncdm_data_type = TimeSeries\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nevent\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nstation\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\ndepth (m)\nsalinity (1)\ntemperature (degree_C)\nconductivity (ms cm-1)\na412 (m-1)\na440 (m-1)\n... (22 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/StationInherentOpticalProperties_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/StationInherentOpticalProperties_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StationInherentOpticalProperties/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StationInherentOpticalProperties.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StationInherentOpticalProperties&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StationInherentOpticalProperties | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseNitrateUptake | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseNitrateUptake.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruiseNitrateUptake/ | Nitrate (15N) Uptake from samples collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 2012-2014 | Nitrate uptake by the bulk phytoplankton community was determined using tracer (<10%) additions of labeled 15-NO3. Samples were collected by Go-Flo from 5 depths 0, 5, 10, 20, 65 m and incubated for 24 h at light levels of 100%, 50%, 25%, 10%, and 0% surface irradiance, respectively.\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\ndepth (m)\nincubation_light_level (percent)\nnitrate (Mole Concentration Of Nitrate In Sea Water, micromoles L-1)\nnitrate_uptake (Mole Concentration Of Nitrate In Sea Water, micromoles L-1 day-1)\nstation\ncast_number\nevent\nbottle_number\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruiseNitrateUptake/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruiseNitrateUptake.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruiseNitrateUptake&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruiseNitrateUptake | |||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationNitrateUptake.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationNitrateUptake | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationNitrateUptake.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StationNitrateUptake/ | Nitrate (15N) Uptake near Palmer Station, 2012-2013 | Nitrate uptake by the bulk phytoplankton community was determined using tracer (<10%) additions of labeled 15-NO3. Samples were collected by Go-Flo from 5 depths 0, 5, 10, 20, 65 m and incubated for 24 h at light levels of 100%, 50%, 25%, 10%, and 0% surface irradiance, respectively.\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nstation\ndate (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nincubation_start_time (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\ndepth (m)\nincubation_light_level\nnitrate (Mole Concentration Of Nitrate In Sea Water, micromoles L-1)\nnitrate_uptake (Mole Concentration Of Nitrate In Sea Water, micromoles L-1 day-1)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StationNitrateUptake/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StationNitrateUptake.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StationNitrateUptake&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StationNitrateUptake | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseEventLog.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseEventLog | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseEventLog.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruiseEventLog/ | Palmer (PAL) log of events aboard Palmer LTER cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (cruise happenings ordered by time) is a meta dataset, including lat-lon, datetime, activity, events, etc, 1991, 2019. | Palmer (PAL) log of events aboard Palmer LTER cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (cruise happenings ordered by time) is a meta dataset, including lat-lon, datetime, activity, events, etc, 1991 - 2019. The event log for the Palmer LTER research cruises provides a mapping of sampling and other research activities to spatial, temporal and other variables. Event numbers are used to coordinate relational indexes and provide users of the data with a high-level index for relating measurements across research components.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\nevent\nevent_group\ncast_number\nevent_name\ngrid_station\nstation\ngrid_line\ncalculated_grid_station\ncomments\nnotes\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/CruiseEventLog_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/CruiseEventLog_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruiseEventLog/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruiseEventLog.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruiseEventLog&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruiseEventLog | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/SamplingStations.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/SamplingStations | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/SamplingStations.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/SamplingStations/ | Palmer LTER Station Grid | Sampling lines and stations for the Palmer LTER field site\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nindex\nline (Sampling Line)\nlatitude (Station Latitude, degrees_north)\nlongitude (Station Longitude, degrees_east)\ngrid_code\nstation_name\nstation\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/SamplingStations_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/SamplingStations_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/SamplingStations/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/SamplingStations.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=SamplingStations&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | SamplingStations | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/VertexStyleSedimentTrapData.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/VertexStyleSedimentTrapData | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/VertexStyleSedimentTrapData.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/VertexStyleSedimentTrapData/ | Palmer Station VERTEX-style Sediment Trap measurements, 50 m depth, 2012-2013 | Measurements were made using moored VERTEX-style particle interceptor tube (PIT) sediment traps deployed at a depth of 50-m at stations B and E near Palmer Station between Nov. 2012 and Apr. 2013. Sediment trap contents was measured to determine fluxes of POC, PN, and Th-234 on two size fractions (>200 and <200 micron). Note that these are operational size classes and may not directly coincide with the size of aggregates that may have been sinking in the water column. For more details, please see Stukel et al. (in review, Global Biogeochemical Cycles)..Measurements were made using moored VERTEX-style particle interceptor tube (PIT) sediment traps deployed at a depth of 50-m at stations B and E near Palmer Station between Nov. 2012 and Apr. 2013. Sediment trap contents was measured to determine fluxes of POC, PN, and Th-234 on two size fractions (>200 and <200 micron). Note that these are operational size classes and may not directly coincide with the size of aggregates that may have been sinking in the water column. For more details, please see Stukel et al. (in review, Global Biogeochemical Cycles).\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nstation\ntime (Deployment Date, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nrecovery_date (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\npoc_flux (mg m-2 day-1)\ncarbon_flux_std (mg m-2 day-1)\nparticulate_nitrogen_flux (mg m-2 day-1)\nparticulate_nitrogen_flux_std (mg m-2 day-1)\norganic_carbon_flux_less_than_200 (mg m-2 day-1)\norganic_carbon_flux_less_than_200_stdev (mg m-2 day-1)\norganic_carbon_flux_greater_than_200 (mg m-2 day-1)\norganic_carbon_flux_greater_than_200_stdev (mg m-2 day-1)\nnitrogen_flux_less_than_200 (mg m-2 day-1)\nnitrogen_flux_less_than_200_stdev (mg m-2 day-1)\nnitrogen_flux_greater_than_200 (mg m-2 day-1)\nnitrogen_flux_greater_than_200_stdev (mg m-2 day-1)\nth234_flux\nth234_flux_uncertainty_stdev\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/VertexStyleSedimentTrapData/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/VertexStyleSedimentTrapData.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=VertexStyleSedimentTrapData&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | VertexStyleSedimentTrapData | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen/ | Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen measurements from water column sample bottles, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1991, 2018. Cruise PD94-01 not included in time series for lack of samples | Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen measurements from water column sample bottles, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1991 - 2018. Cruise PD94-01 not included in time series for lack of samples. All organisms are composed of organic matter. Organic matter is synthesized from dissolved inorganic carbon (dissolved CO2) and inorganic nutrients by phytoplankton photosynthesis, and consumed (oxidized) by respiration by heterotrophs (zooplankton and bacteria). The organic matter in seawater is a variable mixture of dissolved and particulate organic matter (DOM and Princeton Ocean Model (POM)). Typically DOM predominates over POM by an order of magnitude, but the relative amount of POM can be highly enhanced during large phytoplankton blooms. The principal elemental components of POM include organic carbon (POC), organic nitrogen (PN), there is no particulate inorganic N) and phosphorus (POP). These elements exist in a relatively stable, characteristic ratio of 106:6:1 (C:N:P) in seawater, known as the Redfield Ratio. Marine particulate matter is a complex mixture of live and dead plankton and detritus, and of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. POC and PN are enhanced in the euphoric zone, reflecting their origin by photosynthesis. The particulate pool is also a complex assemblage of particles of different sizes, shapes and densities. A simplified scheme divides the particles into large, rapidly sinking particles (10s - 100s of meters per day) and smaller, suspended particles. The transition between small particles and dissolved organic matter is typically specified by filtration through GF/F filters. POC and PN are analyzed for samples in the upper 100 meters on all regular grid samples.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\ndepth (m)\ngrid_line\nstation (u2)\ncast_number\nbottle\n... (5 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | ParticulateOrganicCarbonandNitrogen | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves/ | Photosynthesis-irradiance measurements collected during Palmer LTER station seasons at Palmer Station Antarctica, 1991, 1993. | Photosynthesis-irradiance measurements collected during Palmer LTER station seasons at Palmer Station Antarctica, 1991 - 1993. Photosynthesis-irradiance measurements are used to derive P-I relationships and to calculate primary production for each discrete sample. Blue-green photosynthetron method described by Prezelin et al. (1994) were used to determine photosynthesis irradiance (P-I) relationships for collected samples. Non-linear cureve fits for the P-I data were calculated using the simplex method of Caceci & Cacheris (1984). Curve fitting provided estimates of Pmax (the light saturated rate of photosynthesis) and alpha (the affinity for photosynthesis at light-limited irradiances.\n\ncdm_data_type = TimeSeries\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nevent\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\ndepth (m)\nstation\njulian_day\nbottle\nchlorophyll_a (Mass Concentration Of Chlorophyll A In Sea Water, mg m-3)\nincubation_hours (hours)\nin_situ_temperature (degree_C)\nincubation_temperature (degree_C)\npmax (mg m-3 hour-1)\nalpha\nbeta\nIk (microeinstiens m-2 s-1)\nIt (microeinstiens m-2 s-1)\npmax_error (mg m-3 hour-1)\nalpha_error\n... (4 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StationPhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves/ | Photosynthesis-irradiance measurements used to derive P-I relationships and to calculate primary production for each discrete sample. Samples collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1991, 1993. | Photosynthesis-irradiance measurements used to derive P-I relationships and to calculate primary production for each discrete sample. Samples collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1991 - 1993. Photosynthesis-irradiance measurements are used to derive P-I relationships and to calculate primary production for each discrete sample. Blue-green photosynthetron method described by Prezelin et al. (1994) were used to determine photosynthesis irradiance (P-I) relationships for collected samples. Non-linear cureve fits for the P-I data were calculated using the simplex method of Caceci & Cacheris (1984). Curve fitting provided estimates of Pmax (the light saturated rate of photosynthesis) and alpha (the affinity for photosynthesis at light-limited irradiances.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\nevent (Event Number)\njulian_day\nincubation_start_time (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\ngrid_station\nstation\ngrid_line\nbottle (Bottle Number)\ndepth (m)\nchlorophyll_a (mg m-3)\nincubation_hours (Incubation Hrs, hours)\nin_situ_temperature (In Situ Water Temperature, degree_C)\nincubation_temperature (Incubation Water Temperature, degree_C)\npmax (mg m-3 hour-1)\nalpha\nbeta (percent)\n... (8 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruisePhotosyntheticParametersfromPhotosynthesisIrradianceCurves | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments/ | Photosynthetic pigments of water column samples analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), sampled during the Palmer LTER field seasons at Palmer Station, Antarctica, 1991 - 2015. | Phytoplankton pigment sampling was led by Prezelin from the 1991-1992 season through the 1993-1994 season, and then by Vernet from the 1994-1995 season through the 2006-2007 season. Schofield is the third, and current lead, beginning in the 2008-2009 season. Methods have been kept consistent as much as possible over the full time series and different Principal Investigators. Phytoplankton have a suite of accessory pigments in addition to Chlorophyll a, including other Chlorophyll's (e.g. Chlorophyll b), Xanthophylls, and Carotenes. These accessory pigments can be used as chemotaxonomic markers to assess the composition and distribution of the phytoplankton community. For example, Fucoxanthin is a marker pigment of Diatoms, whereas Alloxanthin is a marker pigment of Cryptophytes. Accessory pigments also assist in photoacclimation and photoprotective processes. Water samples are collected throughout the water column at stations within the Palmer LTER region (primarily B and E, to 50m and 65m respectively). Water samples are filtered onto GF/F filters, and filters kept frozen at -80C until analysis. HPLC analysis is completed following Wright et al (1991). Following the guidelines set by NASA SeaHARRE, we use an internal standard and replicate injects on the HPLC to track recovery and replicability of the pigment extraction methods. Data is unavailable for the Palmer 2009-2010 season due to instrumentation problems and for the Palmer 2011-2012 season due to a freezer failure which resulted in the loss of samples. \\n\n\ncdm_data_type = TimeSeries\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\ndepth (m)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\nevent\njulian_day\nstation\nirradiance (percent)\nchlorophyllide_a (Concentration Of Chlorophyll In Sea Water, ug L-1)\nchlorophyll_c3 (Concentration Of Chlorophyll In Sea Water, ug L-1)\nchlorophyll_c2 (Concentration Of Chlorophyll In Sea Water, ug L-1)\n... (25 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StationHighPerformanceLiquidChromotographyPigments | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments/ | Photosynthetic pigments of water column samples and analyzed with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctica Peninsula, 1991, 2016. | Photosynthetic pigments of water column samples and analyzed with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctica Peninsula, 1991 - 2016. Phytoplankton pigment sampling was led by Prezelin from 1991-1994, and then by Vernet from 1995-2008. Schofield is the third, and current lead, beginning in 2009. Methods have been kept consistent as much as possible over the full time series and different Principal Investigators. Phytoplankton have a suite of accessory pigments in addition to Chlorophyll a, including other Chlorophyll's (e.g. Chlorophyll b), Xanthophylls, and Carotenes. These accessory pigments can be used as chemotaxonomic markers to assess the composition and distribution of the phytoplankton community. For example, Fucoxanthin is a marker pigment of Diatoms, whereas Alloxanthin is a marker pigment of Cryptophytes. Accessory pigments also assist in photoacclimation and photoprotective processes. Water samples are collected throughout the water column along the Western Antarctic Peninsula at regular LTER grid stations where Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) casts are preformed and in surface waters at underway stations, where CTD casts are not done, using the ship's flow-through seawater system. Water samples are filtered onto GF/F filters, and filters kept frozen at -80C until analysis. HPLC analysis is completed following Wright et al (1991). Following the guidelines set by NASA SeaHARRE, we use an internal standard and replicate injects on the HPLC to track recovery and replicability of the pigment extraction methods and the HPLC. Data is unavailable for the LMG10-01 cruise due to instrumentation problems and for the LMG12-01 cruise due to a freezer failure which resulted in the loss of samples.\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nevent\ncast_number\nbottle\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\ndepth (m)\ngrid_line\n... (29 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruiseHighPerformanceLiquidChromatographyPigments | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin/ | Sources of oceanic freshwater content in the Palmer Basin along the western Antarctic Peninsula (PAL-LTER Study Region) determined by the stable isotope composition (d18O) of seawater. | Dataset contains measurements of the ratio of stable isotopes of oxygen in seawater taken in the Palmer Basin at stations B, E and the Palmer station seawater intake. The oceanic distribution of d18O is determined largely by the same processes that control salinity. Surface d18O reflects the magnitude and spatial distribution of freshwater inputs, and it is a conservative tracer in the ocean interior. The great benefit of d18O is obtained from the circumstances under which it exhibits behavior different to that of salinity. One such circumstance derives from the salinity and d18O values in precipitation, with salinity being constant with latitude (typically zero), while in general d18O in precipitation becomes progressively isotopically lighter toward the poles. This results in glacial ice (which derives from high-latitude precipitation) being very isotopically light, enabling d18O to be a useful tracer of glacial discharge to the ocean (e.g., Schlosser et al. 1990; Weiss et al. 1979). Another difference occurs in regions influenced by sea ice, which greatly affects salinity during its formation/melt cycle but has only minimal impact on d18O. This decoupling of the two tracers allows them to be used in tandem to quantitatively separate freshwater inputs from sea ice melt and those from meteoric sources (precipitation plus glacial discharge). For this, a simple three-endmember mass balance can be used. For details please see Meredith, M. P., H. J. Venables, A. Clarke, H. W. Ducklow, M. Erickson, M. J. Leng, J. T. M. Lenaerts, and M. R. van den Broeke. 2013. The freshwater system west of the Antarctic Peninsula: Spatial and temporal changes. Journal of Climate 26:1669-1684.\n\ncdm_data_type = TimeSeries\nVARIABLES:\nstation (Sampling Station)\ntime (Sample Date, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\ndepth (m)\ntemperature (degree_C)\nsalinity (Practical Salinity, 1)\nmld (Mixed Layer Depth, m)\no18 (Oxygen Isotopes Ratio, ppt)\no18_duplicate (Oxygen Isotopes Ratio, ppt)\nevent (Event Number)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | dO18StableIsotopesPalmerBasin | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationPrimaryProduction.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationPrimaryProduction | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationPrimaryProduction.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StationPrimaryProduction/ | Water column primary production from inorganic carbon uptake for 24h at simulated in situ light levels in deck incubators, collected at Palmer Station Antarctica during Palmer LTER field seasons, 1994 - 2019.\\n | Primary Production experiments were led by Vernet from the 1994-1995 season through the 2006-2007 season. Schofield is the current lead, beginning in the 2009-2010 season. Methods have been kept consistent as much as possible over the full time series and different Principal Investigators. Primary production is the uptake of inorganic carbon and assimilation of it into organic matter by phytoplankton. Primary production rates, expressed as mgC per m3 per day were measured by the uptake of radioactive (14C) sodium bicarbonate. Water samples are collected throughout the water column at stations within the Palmer LTER region (primarily B and E, to 50m and 65m respectively). Water is put into borosilicate bottles, inoculated with 1 uCi of NaH14CO3 per bottle, and incubated in an outdoor deck incubator. The incubator is plumbed to the Palmer Station sea water system to maintain ambient seawater temperature and bottles are screened to in situ light levels. The uptake of 14C-bicarbonate by the phytoplankton was measured in a scintillation counter after a 24-hour incubation period..Primary Production experiments were led by Vernet from the 1994-1995 season through the 2006-2007 season. Schofield is the current lead, beginning in the 2009-2010 season. Methods have been kept consistent as much as possible over the full time series and different Principal Investigators. Primary production is the uptake of inorganic carbon and assimilation of it into organic matter by phytoplankton. Primary production rates, expressed as mgC per m3 per day were measured by the uptake of radioactive (14C) sodium bicarbonate. Water samples are collected throughout the water column at stations within the Palmer LTER region (primarily B and E, to 50m and 65m respectively). Water is put into borosilicate bottles, inoculated with 1 uCi of NaH14CO3 per bottle, and incubated in an outdoor deck incubator. The incubator is plumbed to the Palmer Station sea water system to maintain ambient seawater temperature and bottles are screened to in situ light levels. The uptake of 14C-bicarbonate by the phytoplankton was measured in a scintillation counter after a 24-hour incubation period.\n\ncdm_data_type = TimeSeries\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nevent\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\ndepth (m)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\n... (7 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/StationPrimaryProduction_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/StationPrimaryProduction_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StationPrimaryProduction/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StationPrimaryProduction.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StationPrimaryProduction&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StationPrimaryProduction | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseThorium234 | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CruiseThorium234.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CruiseThorium234/ | Watercolumn total Th-234 from samples collected aboard Palmer Station Antarctica LTER annual cruises off the western antarctic peninsula, 2012-2014 | Total watercolumn Th-234 was determined at stations in the Palmer Station Antarctica LTER sampling grid from Jan 2012 - Jan 2014 (see Stukel et al. 2015, GBC for methods details). Th-234 can be used as a tracer for particle cycling in the upper water column. To compute carbon export from this Th-234 data please see the C:Th-234 ratio discussion in the supplement to Ducklow et al., (in review, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A).\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\ndepth (m)\nsalinity (Sea Water Practical Salinity, 1)\nth234_activity\nth234_activity_error\ndeficiency\ndeficiency_error\nstation\ncast_number\nbottle_number\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CruiseThorium234/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CruiseThorium234.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CruiseThorium234&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CruiseThorium234 | |||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationWaterColumnThorium.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationWaterColumnThorium | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StationWaterColumnThorium.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StationWaterColumnThorium/ | Watercolumn total Th-234, Palmer Station, 2012-2013 | Total watercolumn Th-234 was determined at Stations E and B near Palmer Station from Nov 2012 - Mar 2013. Th-234 can be used as a tracer for particle cycling in the upper water column. To compute carbon export from this Th-234 data please see the C:Th-234 ratios that can be derived from contemporaneous sediment trap deployments. For more details, please see Stukel et al. (in review, Global Biogeochemical Cycles).\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nstation\ndepth (m)\nsalinity (Sea Water Practical Salinity, 1)\ndensity (Sea Water Density)\nth234_activity\nth234_activity_error\ndeficiency\ndeficiency_error\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StationWaterColumnThorium/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StationWaterColumnThorium.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StationWaterColumnThorium&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StationWaterColumnThorium |