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| griddap | Subset | tabledap | Make A Graph | wms | files | Title | Summary | FGDC | ISO 19115 | Info | Background Info | RSS | Institution | Dataset ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinBroods.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinBroods | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinBroods.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/AdeliePenguinBroods/ | Adelie penguin 1:2 chick nest ratio, 1991, present. | Adelie penguin 1:2 chick nest ratio, 1991 - present. The fundamental long-term objective of the seabird component of the Palmer LTER (PAL) has been to identify and understand the mechanistic processes that regulate the mean fitness (population growth rate) of regional penguin populations. Two hypotheses have guided this research, with one suggesting that population mean fitness is best explained by changes in regional krill biomass, and the other proposing that long-term changes in sea ice affects mean fitness by tipping the balance in favor of one species over another in accordance with species-specific evolved life history affinities to sea ice. Although these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, current evidence in the PAL region tends to favor the latter over the former. Since the inception of PAL, Adélie penguin populations have effectively collapsed, while those of gentoo and chinstrap penguins have increased dramatically, trends that are spatially and temporally coherent with decreasing regional sea ice duration. Adélie penguins are an ice-obligate polar species whose life history is intimately linked to the presence of sea ice, while chinstrap and gentoo penguins are ice-intolerant species whose life histories evolved in the sub-Antarctic, where sea ice is a less permanent feature of the marine ecosystem. In contrast, although krill constitute the most important component of the summer diets by mass of these three penguin species, changes in PAL krill abundances have exhibited no long-term trends, and thus fail to explain the divergent patterns in penguin populations evident in our time series. \\n\\nThe PAL study region includes five main islands on which Adélie penguin colonies have historically occurred, and typically during the first week of January when chicks are in the guard stage (thus visible because they are no longer being brooded), these colonies are censused to determine the ratio of 1-chick to 2-chick nests. This census is restricted to nests that are no more than one meter in from the colony perimeter, and therefore tend to be more vulnerable to predation and other factors such as snow deposition that tend to affect the more marginal sectors of the colonies. The 1:2 chick ratio is thus highly sensitive to perturbations that are not necessarily evident in more optimal breeding habitats, and has provided important insights on the effects that breeding landscape quality has on reproductive success. \\n\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\n... (6 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/AdeliePenguinBroods/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/AdeliePenguinBroods.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=AdeliePenguinBroods&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | AdeliePenguinBroods | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinDietLog.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinDietLog | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinDietLog.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/AdeliePenguinDietLog/ | Adelie penguin diet metadata, 1991, present. | Adelie penguin diet metadata, 1991 - present. The fundamental long-term objective of the seabird component of the Palmer LTER (PAL) has been to identify and understand the mechanistic processes that regulate the mean fitness (population growth rate) of regional penguin populations. Two hypotheses have guided this research, with one suggesting that population mean fitness is best explained by changes in regional krill biomass, and the other proposing that long-term changes in sea ice affects mean fitness by tipping the balance in favor of one species over another in accordance with species-specific evolved life history affinities to sea ice. Although these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, current evidence in the PAL region tends to favor the latter over the former. Since the inception of PAL, Adélie penguin populations have effectively collapsed, while those of gentoo and chinstrap penguins have increased dramatically, trends that are spatially and temporally coherent with decreasing regional sea ice duration. Adélie penguins are an ice-obligate polar species whose life history is intimately linked to the presence of sea ice, while chinstrap and gentoo penguins are ice-intolerant species whose life histories evolved in the sub-Antarctic, where sea ice is a less permanent feature of the marine ecosystem. In contrast, although krill constitute the most important component of the summer diets by mass of these three penguin species, changes in PAL krill abundances have exhibited no long-term trends, and thus fail to explain the divergent patterns in penguin populations evident in our time series. \\n\\n\\nAdélie penguin diet samples are obtained during the chick-rearing phase of the breeding season (January -February) using stomach lavage (water off-loading method). Five adult penguins are typically sampled every 5-7 days (weather permitting) during this period by capturing birds near their breeding colonies as they return from foraging in the evenings. Before lavaging, birds are weighed and measured to obtain an index of gender and condition, and are then released at the site where they were initially captured. Variability in adult condition within and between seasons provides an important index of foraging effort and other related metrics. \\n\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (Sample Date/Time, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nisland_name (Island)\ncolony_code (Colony)\n... (5 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/AdeliePenguinDietLog/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/AdeliePenguinDietLog.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=AdeliePenguinDietLog&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | AdeliePenguinDietLog | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinBandsSeen.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinBandsSeen | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinBandsSeen.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/AdeliePenguinBandsSeen/ | Adelie penguin flipper band resightings, 1991, 2006. | Adelie penguin flipper band resightings, 1991 - 2006. The fundamental long-term objective of the seabird component of the Palmer LTER (PAL) has been to identify and understand the mechanistic processes that regulate the mean fitness (population growth rate) of regional penguin populations. Two hypotheses have guided this research, with one suggesting that population mean fitness is best explained by changes in regional krill biomass, and the other proposing that long-term changes in sea ice affects mean fitness by tipping the balance in favor of one species over another in accordance with species-specific evolved life history affinities to sea ice. Although these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, current evidence in the PAL region tends to favor the latter over the former. Since the inception of PAL, Adélie penguin populations have effectively collapsed, while those of gentoo and chinstrap penguins have increased dramatically, trends that are spatially and temporally coherent with decreasing regional sea ice duration. Adélie penguins are an ice-obligate polar species whose life history is intimately linked to the presence of sea ice, while chinstrap and gentoo penguins are ice-intolerant species whose life histories evolved in the sub-Antarctic, where sea ice is a less permanent feature of the marine ecosystem. In contrast, although krill constitute the most important component of the summer diets by mass of these three penguin species, changes in PAL krill abundances have exhibited no long-term trends, and thus fail to explain the divergent patterns in penguin populations evident in our time series. \\n\\n Annually between 1991 and 1998, a subsample of 1000 Adélie penguin crèche-age chicks were flipper-banded on Humble Island as part of demographic studies to determine long-term survival and recruitment. This was achieved through resighting efforts in the years that followed the banding work through 2006 when the last banded bird was observed. The decision to end the banding studies is in concordance with other national and international efforts to limit this work due to evidence that flipper- banding penguins may affect survival. \\n\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nindex\nstudy_name (Study)\ntime (Date GMT, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nisland_name (Island)\ncolony_code (Colony)\n... (5 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/AdeliePenguinBandsSeen/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/AdeliePenguinBandsSeen.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=AdeliePenguinBandsSeen&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | AdeliePenguinBandsSeen | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinReproductionSuccess.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinReproductionSuccess | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinReproductionSuccess.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/AdeliePenguinReproductionSuccess/ | Adelie penguin reproductive success, 1991, present.\\t | Adelie penguin chick fledging weights, 1991 - present.\\t. The fundamental long-term objective of the seabird component of the Palmer LTER (PAL) has been to identify and understand the mechanistic processes that regulate the mean fitness (population growth rate) of regional penguin populations. Two hypotheses have guided this research, with one suggesting that population mean fitness is best explained by changes in regional krill biomass, and the other proposing that long-term changes in sea ice affects mean fitness by tipping the balance in favor of one species over another in accordance with species-specific evolved life history affinities to sea ice. Although these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, current evidence in the PAL region tends to favor the latter over the former. Since the inception of PAL, Adélie penguin populations have effectively collapsed, while those of gentoo and chinstrap penguins have increased dramatically, trends that are spatially and temporally coherent with decreasing regional sea ice duration. Adélie penguins are an ice-obligate polar species whose life history is intimately linked to the presence of sea ice, while chinstrap and gentoo penguins are ice-intolerant species whose life histories evolved in the sub-Antarctic, where sea ice is a less permanent feature of the marine ecosystem. In contrast, although krill constitute the most important component of the summer diets by mass of these three penguin species, changes in PAL krill abundances have exhibited no long-term trends, and thus fail to explain the divergent patterns in penguin populations evident in our time series. \\n\\nA sample of Adélie penguin nests from colonies on Humble Island is randomly selected annually and checked daily (or as ice and weather conditions permit) throughout the breeding season from the time adults arrive until the chick crèche phase of the reproductive cycle. Recorded data (the timing of egg laying, hatching and crèching) provide a measure of annual breeding chronology, and the number of chicks crèched, an estimate of reproductive success (chicks crèched/breeding pair).\\n\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nisland_name (Island)\ncolony_code (Colony)\nsite_number\nnest_number\negg1_lay_date (Egg 1 Lay Date)\n... (10 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/AdeliePenguinReproductionSuccess/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/AdeliePenguinReproductionSuccess.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=AdeliePenguinReproductionSuccess&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | AdeliePenguinReproductionSuccess | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15 | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15/ | Isotopic signatures of diet provisioned to 15 day old chick Pygoscelis penguins reared along the Palmer Archipelago near Palmer Station, 2007-2009 | We evaluated regional variation in reproductive isotopic niche among breeding populations of Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae), chinstrap (P. antarctica), and gentoo (P. papua) penguins west of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) to test a hypothesis for sea ice-associated food-web correlates of breeding population change. We rely on signatures of naturally occurring carbon (13C/12C, δ13C) and nitrogen (15N/14N, δ15N) stable isotopes (SI) as integrated proxies of penguin trophic foraging and food-web structure. Each season, study nests, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored. When study nests were found at the one-egg stage, both adults were captured to obtain blood samples used for molecular sexing and stable isotope analyses, and measurements of structural size and body mass. At the time of capture, each adult penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the brachial vein. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored to ensure the pair reached clutch completion, i.e., two eggs. At approximate an average nest age of five and 15 days, offspring from study nests were captured and quickly blood sampled (<= ~500 µl for day five chicks, and <= ~1 ml for day 15 chicks) from the tarsus vein using a sterile needle and heparinized capillary tubes for day five chicks, and a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle for day 15 chicks, again to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Study nests were monitored for chick survival to 25 days. At five weeks into chick-rearing, older crèched chicks of all three species were captured and quickly blood sampled from study rookeries near Anvers Island. Handling of crèched chicks occurred over a one or two day period, which varied seasonally and by species depending on nest initiation dates. Adélie penguin chicks at Avian Island were sampled on the same day Anvers Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled. Adélie penguin chicks at Charcot Island, sampled during one season only on 25 January 2010, were handled three days after Anvers Island and Avian Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled that year, i.e., 22 January 2010. Blood samples from crèched chicks (~1 ml) were taken from the brachial vein using a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle following sampling procedures used for adult penguins to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Stable isotope analyses were conducted at the Stable Isotope Facility at the University of California, Davis using an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\ntime (Date Day 15 Chicks Observed, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\n... (11 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay15 | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay5.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay5 | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay5.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay5/ | Isotopic signatures of diet provisioned to 5 day old chick Pygoscelis penguins reared along the Palmer Archipelago near Palmer Station, 2007-2009 | We evaluated regional variation in reproductive isotopic niche among breeding populations of Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae), chinstrap (P. antarctica), and gentoo (P. papua) penguins west of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) to test a hypothesis for sea ice-associated food-web correlates of breeding population change. We rely on signatures of naturally occurring carbon (13C/12C, δ13C) and nitrogen (15N/14N, δ15N) stable isotopes (SI) as integrated proxies of penguin trophic foraging and food-web structure. Each season, study nests, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored. When study nests were found at the one-egg stage, both adults were captured to obtain blood samples used for molecular sexing and stable isotope analyses, and measurements of structural size and body mass. At the time of capture, each adult penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the brachial vein. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored to ensure the pair reached clutch completion, i.e., two eggs. At approximate an average nest age of five and 15 days, offspring from study nests were captured and quickly blood sampled (<= ~500 µl for day five chicks, and <= ~1 ml for day 15 chicks) from the tarsus vein using a sterile needle and heparinized capillary tubes for day five chicks, and a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle for day 15 chicks, again to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Study nests were monitored for chick survival to 25 days. At five weeks into chick-rearing, older crèched chicks of all three species were captured and quickly blood sampled from study rookeries near Anvers Island. Handling of crèched chicks occurred over a one or two day period, which varied seasonally and by species depending on nest initiation dates. Adélie penguin chicks at Avian Island were sampled on the same day Anvers Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled. Adélie penguin chicks at Charcot Island, sampled during one season only on 25 January 2010, were handled three days after Anvers Island and Avian Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled that year, i.e., 22 January 2010. Blood samples from crèched chicks (~1 ml) were taken from the brachial vein using a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle following sampling procedures used for adult penguins to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Stable isotope analyses were conducted at the Stable Isotope Facility at the University of California, Davis using an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\ntime (Date Day 5 Chicks Observed, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\n... (11 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay5/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay5.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay5&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguinsDay5 | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguins5weeks.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguins5weeks | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguins5weeks.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguins5weeks/ | Isotopic signatures of diet provisioned to 5 week old chick Pygoscelis penguins reared along the western Antarctic Peninsula, 2007-2009 | We evaluated regional variation in reproductive isotopic niche among breeding populations of Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae), chinstrap (P. antarctica), and gentoo (P. papua) penguins west of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) to test a hypothesis for sea ice-associated food-web correlates of breeding population change. We rely on signatures of naturally occurring carbon (13C/12C, δ13C) and nitrogen (15N/14N, δ15N) stable isotopes (SI) as integrated proxies of penguin trophic foraging and food-web structure. Each season, study nests, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored. When study nests were found at the one-egg stage, both adults were captured to obtain blood samples used for molecular sexing and stable isotope analyses, and measurements of structural size and body mass. At the time of capture, each adult penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the brachial vein. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored to ensure the pair reached clutch completion, i.e., two eggs. At approximate an average nest age of five and 15 days, offspring from study nests were captured and quickly blood sampled (<= ~500 µl for day five chicks, and <= ~1 ml for day 15 chicks) from the tarsus vein using a sterile needle and heparinized capillary tubes for day five chicks, and a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle for day 15 chicks, again to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Study nests were monitored for chick survival to 25 days. At five weeks into chick-rearing, older crèched chicks of all three species were captured and quickly blood sampled from study rookeries near Anvers Island. Handling of crèched chicks occurred over a one or two day period, which varied seasonally and by species depending on nest initiation dates. Adélie penguin chicks at Avian Island were sampled on the same day Anvers Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled. Adélie penguin chicks at Charcot Island, sampled during one season only on 25 January 2010, were handled three days after Anvers Island and Avian Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled that year, i.e., 22 January 2010. Blood samples from crèched chicks (~1 ml) were taken from the brachial vein using a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle following sampling procedures used for adult penguins to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Stable isotope analyses were conducted at the Stable Isotope Facility at the University of California, Davis using an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\ntime (Date Week 5 Chicks Observed, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\n... (11 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguins5weeks/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguins5weeks.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguins5weeks&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | IsotopicNicheChickPygoscelisPenguins5weeks | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheAdultPygoscelisPenguins.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheAdultPygoscelisPenguins | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/IsotopicNicheAdultPygoscelisPenguins.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/IsotopicNicheAdultPygoscelisPenguins/ | Isotopic signatures of foraging among adult Pygoscelis penguins nesting along the Palmer Archipelago near Palmer Station, 2007-2009 | We evaluated regional variation in reproductive isotopic niche among breeding populations of Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae), chinstrap (P. antarctica), and gentoo (P. papua) penguins west of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) to test a hypothesis for sea ice-associated food-web correlates of breeding population change. We rely on signatures of naturally occurring carbon (13C/12C, δ13C) and nitrogen (15N/14N, δ15N) stable isotopes (SI) as integrated proxies of penguin trophic foraging and food-web structure. Each season, study nests, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored. When study nests were found at the one-egg stage, both adults were captured to obtain blood samples used for molecular sexing and stable isotope analyses, and measurements of structural size and body mass. At the time of capture, each adult penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the brachial vein. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored to ensure the pair reached clutch completion, i.e., two eggs. At approximate an average nest age of five and 15 days, offspring from study nests were captured and quickly blood sampled (<= ~500 µl for day five chicks, and <= ~1 ml for day 15 chicks) from the tarsus vein using a sterile needle and heparinized capillary tubes for day five chicks, and a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle for day 15 chicks, again to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Study nests were monitored for chick survival to 25 days. At five weeks into chick-rearing, older crèched chicks of all three species were captured and quickly blood sampled from study rookeries near Anvers Island. Handling of crèched chicks occurred over a one or two day period, which varied seasonally and by species depending on nest initiation dates. Adélie penguin chicks at Avian Island were sampled on the same day Anvers Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled. Adélie penguin chicks at Charcot Island, sampled during one season only on 25 January 2010, were handled three days after Anvers Island and Avian Island Adélie penguin chicks were sampled that year, i.e., 22 January 2010. Blood samples from crèched chicks (~1 ml) were taken from the brachial vein using a sterile 3 ml syringe and heparinized infusion needle following sampling procedures used for adult penguins to obtain blood tissue for SI analyses. Stable isotope analyses were conducted at the Stable Isotope Facility at the University of California, Davis using an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\n... (12 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/IsotopicNicheAdultPygoscelisPenguins/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/IsotopicNicheAdultPygoscelisPenguins.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=IsotopicNicheAdultPygoscelisPenguins&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | IsotopicNicheAdultPygoscelisPenguins | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni/ | Length of Salpa thompsoni collected with a 2-m, 700-um net towed from surface to 120 m, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 2009, 2019. | Length of Salpa thompsoni collected with a 2-m, 700-um net towed from surface to 120 m, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 2009 - 2019. Salps (Salpa thompsoni) are conspicuous gelatinous zooplankton capable of rapid population increases, enabling them to respond quickly to unpredictable phytoplankton blooms common in the Antarctic. Body length was measured on salps collected from LTER zooplankton tows along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Salps have amongst the highest filtration rates of all zooplankton, and package their waste into large, fast sinking fecal pellets. These pellets provide a mechanism to export carbon fixed in the surface waters into the deep ocean. Since filtration rates and pellet size are positively related to the size of a salp, population estimates of grazing and exported carbon can be determined through length data.\\n\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\ncruise_tow_number\ncruise_name\nevent\ntow_number\ngrid_line\ngrid_station\ntime (Start Time, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\nend_time (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlat_end (Latitude, degrees_north)\nlon_end (Longitude, degrees_east)\ntow_duration (minutes)\nheading (degrees)\nspeed_over_ground\ndepth (m)\nwind_speed (m s-1)\nwind_direction (Wind To Direction, degrees)\n... (7 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StandardBodyLengthsSalpathompsoni | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinMicroSatellite.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinMicroSatellite | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/AdeliePenguinMicroSatellite.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/AdeliePenguinMicroSatellite/ | Nuclear genetic markers used to infer population genetic structure among breeding Adelie penguins from four regional rookeries along the western Antarctic Peninsula, 2008-2011.\\n | We used nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA, data archived in GenBank) markers to better understand historical population genetic structure and gene flow given relatively recent and ongoing reductions in sea ice habitats and changes in numbers of breeding adult Adelie penguins at regional rookeries along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Study nests near Anvers Island, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored each season (2008-2009). When study nests were found at the one-egg stage, both adults were captured to obtain blood samples used for population genetic analyses. At the time of capture, each adult penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the brachial vein using a and non-heparinized, sterile 3 ml syringe infusion needle. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored to ensure the pair reached clutch completion, i.e., two eggs. Adélie penguin chicks at Avian Island were sampled over two years (2009-2010), Adelie chicks as Prospect Point were sampled during one year (2011), while chicks at Charcot Island were sampled during two seasons (2010-2011). Blood samples from crèched chicks (~1 ml) were taken from the brachial vein using a sterile 3 ml syringe and infusion needle following sampling procedures used for adult penguins. Genetic analyses were conducted at the wildlife genetics laboratory, Alaska Science Center - United States Geological Survey (USGS), under the supervision of geneticist Dr. S.L. Talbot.\\n\\nData presented here are raw data only and do not include any derived data products. For any meta-analyses with other microsatellite data, proper calibration across labs must be completed. Data were produced at the Alaska Science Center, USGS wildlife genetics laboratory under the supervision of Dr. Sandra Talbot (stalbot@usgs.gov). Questions regarding data or any laboratory cross-validation should be directed to Dr. Kristen Gorman (kgorman@sfu.ca).\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nsample_number\nsample_number_region\nspecies\nregion\nreproductive_stage\nindividual_id\n... (21 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/AdeliePenguinMicroSatellite/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/AdeliePenguinMicroSatellite.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=AdeliePenguinMicroSatellite&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | AdeliePenguinMicroSatellite | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CetaceanBiopsies | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/CetaceanBiopsies.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/CetaceanBiopsies/ | Skin-blubber biopsy samples and associated demographic data collected from cetaceans encountered along the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), 2010 - present. \\n | The collection of biopsy samples from cetaceans within the near-shore waters of the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) has been led by Dr. Ari Friedlaender starting in 2010. The Friedlaender group just recently joined the Palmer LTER in 2015, but prior collection of samples was leveraged from previous National Science Foundation (NSF) support and existing collaborations with Antarctic tour operations. Collection methods have been kept consistent, as the research group attempts to sample every whale encountered. Our current data set consists of three targeted species for collection, the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis), and killer whales (Orcinus orca). Sample are kept frozen at -80°C until analysis following the completion of annual field work. Collection of these samples is still ongoing. The biopsy ID is the unique identifier for each collected sample and is used as the common field among the different analyses that are conducted on the sample to look at population and individual level demographic information. From these tissue samples, we can extract nuclear and mitochondrial DNA which provides us with information on the genetic sex, genotype (gene fingerprint), as well as haplotype of the individuals sampled. Additionally, from the blubber layer of the biopsy sample, our group can now successfully detect and quantify sex-steroid hormones, one of which is progesterone, that allows us to make inference on the pregnancy status of sampled individuals. Lastly, more recent work has begun to assess the microbial communities on the skin layer of the biopsy samples. Combined, these biological analyses provide an in depth understanding of the current population demographics and dynamics in these recovering marine species. \\n\n\ncdm_data_type = Point\nVARIABLES:\nbiopsy_id\nspecies_code\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\nsex\ntag_id\nphoto_frames\nhaplotype\ngenotype\nprogresterone\nmicrobiome\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/CetaceanBiopsies_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/CetaceanBiopsies_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/CetaceanBiopsies/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/CetaceanBiopsies.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=CetaceanBiopsies&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | CetaceanBiopsies | |||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StandardBodyLengthsESuperba.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StandardBodyLengthsESuperba | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StandardBodyLengthsESuperba.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StandardBodyLengthsESuperba/ | Standard body length of Euphausia superba collected with a 2-m, 700-um net towed from surface to 120 m, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 2009, 2019. | Standard body length of Euphausia superba collected with a 2-m, 700-um net towed from surface to 120 m, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 2009 - 2019. Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, are a critical food-web link between phytoplankton primary production and higher trophic levels, such as whales, penguins, and seals. Krill standard length was measured from LTER zooplankton tows along the western Antarctic Peninsula. Length data provides estimates of age-class abundance and recruitment. Climate-induced changes in krill recruitment are an important consideration in the management and modelling of krill populations.\\n\n\ncdm_data_type = Trajectory\nVARIABLES:\ncruise_tow_number\ncruise_name\nevent\ntow_number\ngrid_line\ngrid_station\ntime (Start Time, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlatitude (degrees_north)\nlongitude (degrees_east)\nend_time (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nlat_end (Latitude, degrees_north)\nlon_end (Longitude, degrees_east)\ntow_duration (minutes)\nheading (degrees)\nspeed_over_ground\ndepth (m)\nwind_speed (m s-1)\nwind_direction (Wind To Direction, degrees)\nnet_id\ntow_type\n... (5 more variables)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/fgdc/xml/StandardBodyLengthsESuperba_fgdc.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/metadata/iso19115/xml/StandardBodyLengthsESuperba_iso19115.xml | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StandardBodyLengthsESuperba/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StandardBodyLengthsESuperba.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StandardBodyLengthsESuperba&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StandardBodyLengthsESuperba | ||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesAdeliePenguins.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesAdeliePenguins | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesAdeliePenguins.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesAdeliePenguins/ | Structural size measurements and isotopic signatures of foraging among adult male and female Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) nesting along the Palmer Archipelago near Palmer Station, 2007-2009 | Sexual segregation in vertebrate foraging niche is often associated with sexual size dimorphism (SSD), i.e., ecological sexual dimorphism. We examined ecological sexual dimorphism among sympatric nesting Pygoscelis penguins near Palmer Station, Antarctica, asking whether environmental variability in the form of winter sea ice is associated with differences in male and female pre-breeding foraging niche. Each season, study nests, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored. When study nests were found at the one-egg stage, both adults were captured to obtain blood samples used for molecular sexing and stable isotope analyses, and measurements of structural size and body mass. At the time of capture, each adult penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the brachial vein. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored to ensure the pair reached clutch completion, i.e., two eggs. Molecular analyses were conducted at Simon Fraser University following standard PCR protocols, and stable isotope analyses were conducted at the Stable Isotope Facility at the University of California, Davis using an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nsample_number\nspecies\nregion\nisland_name\nreproductive_stage\nindividual_id\nfull_clutch\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nculmen_length (mm)\nculmen_depth (mm)\nflipper_length (mm)\nbody_mass (grams)\nsex\nratio_of_15n_to_14n (percent)\nratio_of_13c_to_12c (percent)\ncomments\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesAdeliePenguins/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesAdeliePenguins.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesAdeliePenguins&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesAdeliePenguins | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesChinstrapPenguins.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesChinstrapPenguins | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesChinstrapPenguins.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesChinstrapPenguins/ | Structural size measurements and isotopic signatures of foraging among adult male and female Chinstrap penguins (Pygoscelis antarcticus) nesting along the Palmer Archipelago near Palmer Station, 2007-2009 | Sexual segregation in vertebrate foraging niche is often associated with sexual size dimorphism (SSD), i.e., ecological sexual dimorphism. We examined ecological sexual dimorphism among sympatric nesting Pygoscelis penguins near Palmer Station, Antarctica, asking whether environmental variability in the form of winter sea ice is associated with differences in male and female pre-breeding foraging niche. Each season, study nests, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored. When study nests were found at the one-egg stage, both adults were captured to obtain blood samples used for molecular sexing and stable isotope analyses, and measurements of structural size and body mass. At the time of capture, each adult penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the brachial vein. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored to ensure the pair reached clutch completion, i.e., two eggs. Molecular analyses were conducted at Simon Fraser University following standard PCR protocols, and stable isotope analyses were conducted at the Stable Isotope Facility at the University of California, Davis using an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\ntime (Date Egg, seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nsample_number\nspecies\nregion\nisland_name (Island)\nreproductive_stage (Stage)\nindividual_id\nfull_clutch (Clutch Completion)\ndorsal_ridge_length (Culmen Length)\ndorsal_ridge_depth (Culmen Depth, mm)\nflipper_length\nbody_mass (grams)\nsex\nratio_15n_14n (Delta 15 N, 1)\nratio_13c_12c (Delta 13 C, 1)\nnotes (Comments)\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesChinstrapPenguins/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesChinstrapPenguins.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesChinstrapPenguins&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesChinstrapPenguins | ||||
| https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesGentooPenguins.subset | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesGentooPenguins | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/tabledap/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesGentooPenguins.graph | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/files/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesGentooPenguins/ | Structural size measurements and isotopic signatures of foraging among adult male and female gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) nesting along the Palmer Archipelago near Palmer Station, 2007-2009 | Sexual segregation in vertebrate foraging niche is often associated with sexual size dimorphism (SSD), i.e., ecological sexual dimorphism. We examined ecological sexual dimorphism among sympatric nesting Pygoscelis penguins near Palmer Station, Antarctica, asking whether environmental variability in the form of winter sea ice is associated with differences in male and female pre-breeding foraging niche. Each season, study nests, where pairs of adults were present, were individually marked and chosen before the onset of egg-laying, and consistently monitored. When study nests were found at the one-egg stage, both adults were captured to obtain blood samples used for molecular sexing and stable isotope analyses, and measurements of structural size and body mass. At the time of capture, each adult penguin was quickly blood sampled (~1 ml) from the brachial vein. After handling, individuals at study nests were further monitored to ensure the pair reached clutch completion, i.e., two eggs. Molecular analyses were conducted at Simon Fraser University following standard PCR protocols, and stable isotope analyses were conducted at the Stable Isotope Facility at the University of California, Davis using an elemental analyzer interfaced with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer\n\ncdm_data_type = Other\nVARIABLES:\nstudy_name (Study)\nsample_number\nspecies\nregion\nisland_name\nreproductive_stage\nindividual_id\nfull_clutch\ntime (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z)\nculmen_length (mm)\nculmen_depth (mm)\nflipper_length (mm)\nbody_mass (grams)\nsex\nratio_of_15n_to_14n (percent)\nratio_of_13c_to_12c (percent)\ncomments\n | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/info/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesGentooPenguins/index.htmlTable | https://pal.lternet.edu/
| http://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/rss/StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesGentooPenguins.rss | https://pallter-data.marine.rutgers.edu/erddap/subscriptions/add.html?datasetID=StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesGentooPenguins&showErrors=false&email= | National Science Foundation | StructuralSizeMeasurementsAndIsotopicSignaturesGentooPenguins |